Gastroenterology:减肥手术降低癌症风险?

2021-03-29 K.K MedSci原创

减肥手术可能与患肥胖相关癌症的风险显着降低有关

近日,一项发表在《胃肠病学》杂志上的研究首次显示:减肥手术或能显着降低严重肥胖和非酒精性脂肪性肝(NAFLD)患者的癌症风险,特别是,与肥胖相关的癌症风险,风险可能降低了一半。

Vinod K. Rustgi et al, Bariatric Surgery Reduces Cancer Risk in Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Severe Obesity, Gastroenterology (2021). DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.03.021

美国新泽西州Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson医学院中心研究人员说,在患有NAFLD-肝硬化的个体中,风险降低的幅度更加明显。这是一项回顾性研究,考察了2007年~2017年十年期间,近10万名18~64岁之间被诊断为严重肥胖和非酒精性脂肪肝的患者,超过三分之一(34.1%)的人接受了减肥手术。

在研究所在的数据库中,有2,043,936名参与者被诊断为NAFLD。对34438位无癌症史的NAFLD成人进行了减肥手术,其中,33435位(97.1%)患者BMI≥40 kg/m2。在手术类型中,腹腔镜AGBs(可调节胃束带手术)和腹腔镜RYGBs(胃旁路手术)占所有减肥手术的84.23%和28.74%。此外,腹腔镜SG(袖状胃切除手术)比例增加了,在这10年期间,从4.18%增加到到67.82%。与非手术患者相比,手术患者更年轻(44.01岁vs.45.93岁),女性较多(73.77% vs.62.28%),不太可能有吸烟史(6.45%vs.10.13%)。所有参与者的平均随访时间为22.42个月,其中手术组和不手术组的随访时间分别为31.07个月和17.95个月。

人群基线特征

未手术组在115 890.11人年中出现1 898例癌症事件,而手术组在67389.82人年中出现925例癌症事件。在随访中,共观察到976例肥胖相关的癌症事件,其中 65例癌症与肥胖无关。

在风险模型中,有手术和无手术NAFLD患者肥胖相关癌症的事件病例数分别为258例和653例。与未参与手术的NAFLD患者相比,接受手术的NAFLD患者肥胖相关癌症发病率显着降低为3.83/1000人年。手术组与未手术组肥胖相关癌症的粗RR显着降低,男性和女性分别为0.57和0.67。接受减肥手术的患者任何癌症和肥胖相关癌症的累积发病率均低于未接受手术的患者。

肝病和肝脏肿瘤中心主任Vinod K. Rustgi博士解释说,"研究表明,所有类型癌症的风险降低了18%,其中肥胖相关癌症的风险降低了25%。当比较肝硬化与非肝硬化患者时,癌症风险分别降低了38%和52%。"

除了总体上降低癌症风险外,研究人员还发现,减肥手术可能与患肥胖相关癌症的风险显着降低有关:结直肠癌、胰腺癌、子宫内膜癌、甲状腺癌及肝细胞癌和多发性骨髓瘤。

研究人员指出:"减肥手术可能会带来额外的好处,如改善生活质量和降低长期医疗费用。”

Rustgi博士说,下一步我们会积极探索这种治疗方法是否适用于没有NAFLD的肥胖症患者。他们还计划研究癌症风险降低的机制,比如思考减肥引起的激素变化是否能导致癌症风险降低?

此外,研究人员正在研究减肥手术对心血管疾病产生的影响,如会不会使得心脏病发作的减少,或中风情况减少。总之,这项研究结果为NAFLD与癌症之间的联系奠定了良好基础。

 

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    2021-12-15 许安
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    2021-04-07 ms6000001015893838

    已看,还可以。

    0

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    2021-03-29 CHANGE

    什么时候有懒人用的减肥神药?

    0

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