Diabetologia:WT1单倍体不足可以诱导高脂饮食小鼠附睾脂肪发生褐色样变并改善代谢功能障碍

2021-12-06 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

肥胖已经成为一个全球性的健康问题,它增加了许多可以缩短寿命疾病的患病率,包括2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、慢性肾脏疾病和癌症。

目的:肥胖已经成为一个全球性的健康问题,它增加了许多可以缩短寿命疾病的患病率,包括2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、慢性肾脏疾病和癌症。肥胖的不利影响不仅取决于不同脂肪库中储存的脂类的数量,还取决于脂肪沉积的部位。内脏(腹内)白色脂肪组织(WAT)中的脂质积累与死亡率的增加相一致,即使在体重指数正常的人中也是如此,而皮下肥胖的危害较小。因此认为内脏(腹腔内)的白色脂肪组织(WAT)是有害的,而皮下白色脂肪组织被认为是防止代谢性疾病。最近的研究结果表明,在棕色脂肪组织(BAT)中表达的产热基因可以主要在皮下由WAT中诱导。在这里,我们研究了Wilms肿瘤基因产物(WT1)假设该基因产物在腹内WAT中表达,但在皮下WAT和BAT中不表达,它抑制了白色脂肪细胞中的产热过程。

方法:对杂合型WT1基因敲除小鼠及同窝野生型小鼠进行热源性和脂肪细胞选择性基因表达检测。在正常饲料和高脂饲料条件下,观察小鼠的糖耐量和肝脂积累情况。从野生型和杂合子WT1敲除小鼠的均质肝组织中提取三酰甘油,并用比色甘油三酯FS试剂盒进行测定。使用NEFA- hr比色试剂盒检测血清中的NEFA。使用斐济软件中的Adiposoft测定野生型和杂合wt1基因敲除小鼠附睾WAT的平均脂肪细胞面积;根据说明书使用RNAscope 2.5 HD Detection Reagent-BROWN Kit对野生型小鼠附睾WAT 1.5μm厚甲醛固定石蜡包埋组织切片进行wt1探针(#432711)。dapB(#310043)和Ppib(#313911)的探针分别作为阴性和阳性对照;免疫染色的福尔马林固定永久棕色前脂肪细胞和石蜡包埋组织切片(1.5μm厚)从附睾WAT和BAT。综上所述,从BAT基质血管部分分离的前脂肪细胞转染表达WT1的逆转录病毒,诱导分化并分析热源基因和脂肪细胞选择基因的表达情况。

结果:杂合子WT1基因敲除小鼠附睾WAT中产热基因Cpt1b和Tmem26表达增强,Ucp1转录水平平均比野生型小鼠高10倍以上。WT1杂合性降低了小鼠附睾WAT的体积,改善了全身糖耐量,减轻了饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠严重的肝脂肪变性。在缺乏内源性WT1的棕色前脂肪细胞中,WT1逆转录病毒的表达使Ucp1、Ppargc1a、Cidea、Prdm16和Cpt1b的mRNA水平在体外分化中降低了60-90%。在附睾前脂肪细胞中,WT1的下调显著降低了Aldh1a1和Zfp423转录水平,这两种转录本是产热程序的关键抑制因子。相反,在棕色前脂肪细胞中,通过逆转录病毒表达WT1,Aldh1a1和Zfp423 mRNA水平分别增加了约5倍和3倍。

图1 WT1抑制棕色前体脂肪细胞分化过程中的产热基因。(A)成年雄性C57BL/6J小鼠不同脂肪库的代表性免疫印迹:附睾WAT(EPWAT)、腹股沟WAT(IWAT)、肩胛间BAT。(b,c)相对(版本)。RT-qPCR检测分离的SVF和脂肪细胞中瘦素(Lep)(B)和Wt1(C)mRNA水平。成年小鼠表皮和IWAT的组分。脂肪细胞中瘦素mRNA的表达水平与表皮WAT(B)的SVF细胞中的转录水平相差1倍,Wt1在EPWAT的SVF细胞中的转录水平与脂肪细胞(C)中的mRNA水平相比表现为倍增。条形代表均值±扫描电镜,n=4。*p<0。05vs SVF;N.D.检测不到。(D)用RNAScope检测小鼠表皮间质血管细胞(箭头)中WT1mRNA的表达。标尺,50μm。(E)表达(逆转录WT1)和不表达(逆转录对照)WT1的永生化棕色前脂肪细胞(IBPC)的代表性免疫印迹。(F)WT1逆转录病毒过表达(黑条)和不表达(白条)的分化的永生化棕色前脂肪细胞的相对mRNA水平。条形代表均值±扫描电镜,n=3。*p<0。0 5,**p<0.0 1与回顾对照。(G)相对对比度(Ph.c.)。永生化棕色前脂肪细胞的显微镜和油红O脂质染色。转染表达WT1的逆转录病毒或空载体逆转录病毒后,诱导细胞分化5d。标尺,20μm。(H)原代棕色脂肪细胞的相对mRNA水平。用流式细胞仪从成年小鼠肩胛间WT1的SVF中分离出前体细胞。将WT1和空载体逆转录病毒分别转染SCA1+:CD45CD31−:CD31−细胞,培养至融合生长3d。然后诱导细胞分化5d。用RT-qPCR检测分化细胞的转录水平,并将其归一化为Actb mRNA。条形代表均值±扫描电镜,n=4。*p<0.05与过去对照

图2 杂合Wt1基因敲除小鼠表现出全身葡萄糖耐量的改善。野生型和Wt1突变小鼠的空腹血糖水平(A)和RER(B)在饮食或高脂饮食中持续11周。星号表示喂食食物的野生型和杂合型Wt1基因敲除小鼠之间的统计学差异。**p<0.01,单因素方差分析,n=1 0。葡萄糖(C)和胰岛素(D)耐量试验。取值为Means±SEM,*p<0。0.5,**p<0.0 1,与野生型比较,每组n=10。野生型和Wt1突变小鼠在高脂和高脂饮食中的昼夜(E)和时相(F)代谢率

图3 对HFD进行杂合Wt1基因敲除的小鼠显示肝脏脂肪变性减轻。野生型和杂合子Wt1基因敲除小鼠的肝/体重比(A)、肝糖原(B)和每毫克肝组织三酰甘油含量(C)。*P<0.05,单因素方差分析,采用Tukey后检验。值得注意的是,为了更好的数据可视化,在接受食物饮食的小鼠和高脂血症小鼠之间没有统计意义。(D)对野生型和杂合型Wt1基因敲除小鼠的肝脏切片进行代表性油红O脂质染色。(E)用实时定量聚合酶链反应(RTqPCR)测定野生型小鼠肝脏中的Wt1转录水平,并将其正常化为Actb mRNA,这些小鼠接受食物饮食或高脂饮食。(E)野生型小鼠肝脏中的Wt1转录水平为100μm.(E)。条形代表均值±SEM,n=1 0.p>0.0 5,用Tukey后检验进行方差分析

图4 Wt1增加成脂前体细胞Aldh1A1和Zfp423的表达。(A)从成年小鼠肩胛间蝙蝠分离的SVF细胞中决定脂肪细胞命运的基因的相对mRNA水平。用表达Wt1的逆转录病毒(逆转录病毒WT1)或空载体对照(逆转录病毒对照)转导细胞。(B)带有和不带有WT1逆转录病毒表达的永生化棕色前脂肪细胞的转录水平。(C)从成年小鼠腹股沟Wat分离的表达Wt1和不表达Wt1的SVF细胞的相对mRNA水平。成年小鼠附睾Wat未分化SVF细胞的WT1免疫印迹(D)和相对转录水平(E)。原代细胞在大约50%融合时与非靶向对照siRNA或Wt1siRNA孵育48h,用RT-qPCR检测转录水平,并将其归一化为Actb。在图的各个部分,转染Wt1siRNA(SiWt1)的细胞与非靶向siRNA(SiControl)细胞的mRNA水平相差一倍。条形代表均值±SEM,n=4(A),n=5(B),n=6(C)和N=8(E)。*p<0。0 5,**p<0.0 1。请注意,所有显示的数据都是从未分化的细胞中获得的

结论:WT1通过抑制产热基因,在附睾WAT中发挥白色脂肪细胞决定因子的作用。降低WT1在这个和其他腹内脂肪中的表达可能代表了代谢性疾病的一种新的治疗策略。

原文出处:

Kirschner KM,  Foryst-Ludwig A,  Gohlke S,et al.Wt1 haploinsufficiency induces browning of epididymal fat and alleviates metabolic dysfunction in mice on high-fat diet.Diabetologia 2021 Nov 30

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    2022-08-25 闆锋旦
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1761793, encodeId=0a7f1e6179341, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9bea33520d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3352, encryptionId=9bea33520d, topicName=BET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9a1a37427546, createdName=ms5439512287675881, createdTime=Sat May 21 02:49:53 CST 2022, time=2022-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1639998, encodeId=79781639998f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Sat May 14 07:49:53 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703483, encodeId=f7071e0348309, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42f818e72fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#WT1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18772, encryptionId=42f818e72fe, topicName=WT1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=639f30510424, createdName=闆锋旦, createdTime=Thu Aug 25 10:49:53 CST 2022, time=2022-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1077886, encodeId=edfe10e788620, content=好!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a44885671, createdName=419040982, createdTime=Tue Dec 07 22:19:43 CST 2021, time=2021-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1421412, encodeId=a16b1421412bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=09d33294eb8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能障碍#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32947, encryptionId=09d33294eb8, topicName=功能障碍)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b3493649807, createdName=naiwu78, createdTime=Mon Dec 06 10:49:53 CST 2021, time=2021-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1574681, encodeId=73ef15e46811b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b56102616bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高脂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102616, encryptionId=9b56102616bb, topicName=高脂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c3b716021149, createdName=pcw111, createdTime=Mon Dec 06 10:49:53 CST 2021, time=2021-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-07 419040982

    好!!!

    0

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    2021-12-06 pcw111

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