STTT:高飞/李铮等揭示男性无精症致病基因,并通过CRISPR基因编辑进行修复

2022-01-06 王聪 “生物世界”公众号

男性不育症,是一种多因素异质性疾病,大约影响了7%的男性。非阻塞性无精症(NOA)是最严重的男性生殖系统疾病之一,指睾丸组织本身没有制造精子的能力,大约有1%的育龄男性会患此疾病。

男性不育症,是一种多因素异质性疾病,大约影响了7%的男性。非阻塞性无精症(NOA)是最严重的男性生殖系统疾病之一,指睾丸组织本身没有制造精子的能力,大约有1%的育龄男性会患此疾病。

2022年1月3日,中科院动物研究所高飞研究员、上海交通大学附属第一人民医院泌尿外科中心李铮教授等在 Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 期刊发表了题为:Oligomer-Targeting Prevention of Neurodegenerative Dementia by Intranasal Rifampicin and Resveratrol Combination – A Preclinical Study in Model Mice 的研究论文。

该研究揭示了 MSH5 基因突变是非阻塞性无精症(NOA)潜在致病原因,并在小鼠模型上证实了CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑能够修复该基因突变,产生成熟精子。

该论文对三名非阻塞性无精症(NOA)患者(编号为P8944、P7602、P7824)进行了研究,他们三人来自三个没有生育问题史的中国家庭。首先,研究团队对他们排除了男性不育的已知病因,包括隐睾症、性腺机能减退症、癌症、饮酒和吸烟。他们的生殖系统也发育正常,睾丸大小和FSH激素水平也相对正常。进一步检查显示,他们也不存在染色体异常。

为了进一步确定这三名患者的不育症原因,研究团队对他们进行了全外显子基因测序。

P8944患者的MSH5基因出现了四碱基缺失的纯合突变,该导致导致终止密码子提前,MSH5表达的蛋白缺失了587个氨基酸。而他的父母和兄弟姐妹则携带一个突变,因此并未患病。

而P7602和P7824患者情况相同,他们二人的MSH5基因出现了复合杂合突变,也就是说他们的两个MSH5等位基因均出现了突变,但突变位点不相同。

这三名患者出现的四个突变位点,在不同物种之间保守程度很高。

为了验证MSH5基因突变的功能,研究团队在小鼠上进行了研究,携带MSH5基因纯合突变的雄性小鼠的睾丸显着变小,且生精小管中出现大量凋亡细胞。这表明MSH5突变可能是非阻塞性无精症(NOA)的病因之一。不过这三名患者的睾丸大正相对正常,这可能是由于MSH5基因在人体和在小鼠中作用不完全相同所致。

CRISPR/Cas9系统是目前最强大的基因编辑技术,而且已经广泛应用于动物疾病模型和人体治疗。为了挽救上述MSH5基因突变小鼠,研究团队将CRISPR基因编辑组份(sgRNA、表达Cas9的质粒、MSH5基因的单链DNA模板)或MSH5基因质粒注射到小鼠生精小管中。注射后使用电穿孔技术提高转染效率,5周之后,在这些小鼠的生精小管中发现了少量的具有头部和尾部的成熟精子。但并未在附睾尾部发现成熟精子,这可能是由于该系统的基因编辑效率较低所致。还需要进一步研究以提高转染效率和编辑效果。

总的来说,该研究表明,MSH5基因突变是非阻塞性无精症(NOA)的潜在病因,公衡重要的是,该研究通过体内基因编辑修复了小鼠模型中的MSH5基因突变,这提示了该方法具有治疗男性生殖系统疾病的潜力。

原始出处:

Chen, M., Yao, C., Qin, Y. et al. Mutations of MSH5 in nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and rescued via in vivo gene editing. Sig Transduct Target Ther 7, 1 (2022).  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00710-4 

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    2022-04-19 Tamikia
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    2022-01-07 查查佳佳

    经审核共受理631个单位注册申请。根据《

    0

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    2022-01-07 docwu2019
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基因编辑的未来遭质疑,因严重安全问题,FDA暂停基于基因编辑的CAR-T临床试验!

自2012年诞生以来,由细菌/古菌的防御系统改造而来的CRISPR基因编辑技术就吸引了全世界科学家的目光,在CRISPR技术的帮助下,人们得以快速精准地操纵基因、改变生命。

基因编辑的未来遭质疑,因严重安全问题,FDA暂停基于基因编辑的CAR-T临床试验

自2012年诞生以来,由细菌/古菌的防御系统改造而来的CRISPR基因编辑技术就吸引了全世界科学家的目光,在CRISPR技术的帮助下,人们得以快速精准地操纵基因、改变生命。摆脱遗传病、攻克癌症...这