BMJ:一例因肌肉无力、吞咽困难就诊案例报道

2016-04-05 Mechront 译 MedSci原创

患者女,29岁,因肌肉无力、吞咽困难就诊。查体:如图1,上眼睑肿胀,且周围呈紫红色。手指背侧布满爆发性红斑。图2示患者的双侧胸锁乳突肌皮肤有对称的紫色斑片。患者的手臂很难举过头顶。辅助检查:血常规未见明显异常,肌酸激酶1577 U/L(参考范围:30-135)。患者诊断:急性皮肌炎(伴向阳性皮疹)皮肌炎以近端肌肉无力和肌肉炎症为主要表现。皮肌炎与多发性肌炎不同,该疾病会出现多种皮肤表现,比如本案例

患者女,29岁,因肌肉无力、吞咽困难就诊。

查体:如图1,上眼睑肿胀,且周围呈紫红色。手指背侧布满爆发性红斑。



图2示患者的双侧胸锁乳突肌皮肤有对称的紫色斑片。患者的手臂很难举过头顶。



辅助检查:血常规未见明显异常,肌酸激酶1577 U/L(参考范围:30-135)。

患者诊断:急性皮肌炎(伴向阳性皮疹)

皮肌炎以近端肌肉无力和肌肉炎症为主要表现。皮肌炎与多发性肌炎不同,该疾病会出现多种皮肤表现,比如本案例的紫红斑,主要分布在上眼睑的紫罗兰色斑,常伴有眼睑水肿。肌肉力量可以是正常的,但肌肉活检会显示炎症。皮肌炎通常单独出现,有时会合并结缔组织病如系统性硬化症,这时就称为重叠综合征。

除了上述的眼睑特征,随病程进展,掌指关节和指间关节伸面可出现紫红色丘疹,以后融合成斑块变萎缩,有毛细血管扩张,色素减退和上覆细小鳞屑,即“Coftron”征;出现在膝、肘、踝关节、颈部和胸部的称为“V”征;肩膀的则为“shawl”征。

通过检查肌酐磷酸激酶、醛缩酶和肌炎特异性自身抗体,包括抗Jo-1抗体可以确诊该疾病。皮肌炎的患者其癌症发病率增加,此外,该疾病还会导致间质性肺病和心脏病风险增加。诊断皮肌炎的治疗,最开始应该使用糖皮质激素,此外还需要其他免疫抑制剂,包括硫唑嘌呤或甲氨蝶呤或免疫球蛋白。

本案例的患者,通过抗Jo-1抗体诊断为该病(其他肌炎特异性抗体均为阴性),予以甲基强的松龙、免疫球蛋白、硫唑嘌呤治疗,安置鼻饲管提供适当的营养和防止误吸。经过这一系列的治疗后,患者的临床和生化均得到显著改善。

原始出处:


Bert Bravenboer,Lynn Debels.A patient with muscle weakness.BMJ 2016; 352 doi: http://dx.doi.org.er.lib.ncku.edu.tw:2048/10.1136/bmj.i1502

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    2017-01-31 gaoxiaoe
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    2016-04-18 丁丁医生2002

    进来学习的

    0

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    2016-04-06 yilibaisha

    学习了再接再厉

    0

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    2016-04-06 1de7460am01(暂无匿称)

    一般般吧!

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847951, encodeId=419b184e95180, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Tue Jan 31 22:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=79298, encodeId=f034e929817, content=进来学习的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=156, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e24e93173, createdName=丁丁医生2002, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 07:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76493, encodeId=7366e6493be, content=顶, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK29w9r0upRgxUXHNhe7bd3VxHnhBSpibMbKOjtX92zXr78SkuZfUNuADrjHiaw6uibZaEYjh9cJLzew/132, createdBy=261e1682638, createdName=1de3b290m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 08 20:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318596, encodeId=c7d4131859683, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25eb391692f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吞咽困难#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39169, encryptionId=25eb391692f, topicName=吞咽困难)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eee468, createdName=zxl729, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 10:00:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75821, encodeId=6583e5821d9, content=学习了再接再厉, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIuqOuvZLWMJ8yAVHKNPBSKWLKHx7ibIhutJv2OfnTK9MQH5jpicpw5EJTmD0M0q2wOG3CZO9wTxa9A/132, createdBy=75561684788, createdName=yilibaisha, createdTime=Wed Apr 06 12:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75737, encodeId=446ae5737da, content=一般般吧!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=225a1697989, createdName=1de7460am01(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 06 09:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75734, encodeId=5cb5e57344f, content=谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73801651090, createdName=1ddc978cm67(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 06 08:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75731, encodeId=92f9e57313b, content=学习了,很值得, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Wed Apr 06 00:36:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-06 1ddc978cm67(暂无匿称)

    谢谢分享。

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847951, encodeId=419b184e95180, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Tue Jan 31 22:00:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=79298, encodeId=f034e929817, content=进来学习的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=156, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e24e93173, createdName=丁丁医生2002, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 07:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76493, encodeId=7366e6493be, content=顶, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK29w9r0upRgxUXHNhe7bd3VxHnhBSpibMbKOjtX92zXr78SkuZfUNuADrjHiaw6uibZaEYjh9cJLzew/132, createdBy=261e1682638, createdName=1de3b290m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 08 20:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318596, encodeId=c7d4131859683, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25eb391692f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吞咽困难#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39169, encryptionId=25eb391692f, topicName=吞咽困难)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eee468, createdName=zxl729, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 10:00:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75821, encodeId=6583e5821d9, content=学习了再接再厉, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIuqOuvZLWMJ8yAVHKNPBSKWLKHx7ibIhutJv2OfnTK9MQH5jpicpw5EJTmD0M0q2wOG3CZO9wTxa9A/132, createdBy=75561684788, createdName=yilibaisha, createdTime=Wed Apr 06 12:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75737, encodeId=446ae5737da, content=一般般吧!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=225a1697989, createdName=1de7460am01(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 06 09:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75734, encodeId=5cb5e57344f, content=谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73801651090, createdName=1ddc978cm67(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 06 08:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75731, encodeId=92f9e57313b, content=学习了,很值得, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Wed Apr 06 00:36:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-06 dhzzm

    学习了,很值得

    0

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