JGH:男性吸烟状况的变化与胃十二指肠溃疡风险的关系

2022-08-11 xuyihan MedSci原创

生活中对烟草依赖的人越来越多,因为吸烟是会上瘾的,没有懂得控制,会逐渐增加吸烟量,从而获取更多有害物质。

吸烟是一项重大的公共卫生威胁事件,每年造成近800万人死亡,尽管由于反吸烟运动的开展,全球吸烟者的比例有所下降,但吸烟者的总数仍然迅速增长,2019年全球约11.4 亿吸烟人群。有研究证实吸烟是胃肠道疾病的潜在危险因素,胃十二指肠溃疡是消化性溃疡疾病的最常见形式,是主要的胃肠道疾病之一。在韩国,胃溃疡和十二指肠溃疡的患病率分别为 3.3% 和 2.1%,吸烟会减弱黏膜保护功能并诱发通过多种机制产生炎症反应。

研究表明,与从不吸烟者相比,吸烟者更容易患胃十二指肠溃疡。然而,尽管吸烟状况会随时间而变化,但大多数研究都在一个时间点分析了吸烟状况与消化道溃疡的关联。本项研究根据 5 年以上吸烟状况的变化分析了胃十二指肠溃疡的发生风险。

本项研究共纳入了43380名没有胃十二指肠溃疡的韩国成年人,他们在2002年-2013年间接受了体检。研究人员通过评估他们在2003-2004年和2009年的吸烟状况(从不、戒烟和当前),将他们分为 7 组(从不-从不, 从不-中途戒断, 从不-目前正在吸烟, 中途戒断– 中途戒断, 中途戒断–目前正在吸烟, 目前正在吸烟–中途戒断和目前正在吸烟-目前正在吸烟) 并监测到 2013 年以识别胃十二指肠溃疡事件。根据吸烟状况和吸烟量的变化,使用 Cox 比例风险模型计算胃十二指肠溃疡事件的调整风险比 (HRs) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。

与从未-从未组相比,其他组的胃十二指肠溃疡调整后 HR 和 95% CI 显着增加。特别是,当前吸烟的参与者(从不吸烟、戒烟和当前吸烟)的 HR 相对高于其他组(从不戒烟:1.200 [1.070-1.346],从不吸烟:1.375 [1.156-1.636] ,中途戒断– 中途戒断:1.149 [1.010-1.306],中途戒断–目前正在吸烟:1.325 [1.058-1.660],目前正在吸烟–中途戒断:1.344 [1.188-1.519] 和目前正在吸烟-目前正在吸烟:1.379 [1.256-1.513])。重度吸烟者患胃十二指肠溃疡的风险最高,其次是中度和轻度吸烟者。

本项研究证实曾经吸烟的人患胃十二指肠溃疡的风险明显增加。出于吸烟状况,与过去吸烟相比,当前吸烟与胃十二指肠溃疡风险增加的相关性更高。

原始出处:

Sung Keun Park. et al. Change in smoking status and its relation to the risk of gastroduodenal ulcer in Korean men. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022.

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