J Int Med Res:聚普瑞锌可以改善化疗所致胃黏膜损伤和呕吐

2018-08-20 佚名 消化界

铂类和烷化剂类等化疗药物常见恶心、呕吐等不良反应,影响患者的生活质量,如果不予控制,会引起营养不良、代谢紊乱和脱水等一系列相关并发症,化疗止吐药物已成为抗癌治疗的重要组成部分。目前,呕吐相关神经递质5-HT3受体的拮抗剂已被用于临床化疗药物所致呕吐的止吐治疗。

铂类和烷化剂类等化疗药物常见恶心、呕吐等不良反应,影响患者的生活质量,如果不予控制,会引起营养不良、代谢紊乱和脱水等一系列相关并发症,化疗止吐药物已成为抗癌治疗的重要组成部分。目前,呕吐相关神经递质5-HT3受体的拮抗剂已被用于临床化疗药物所致呕吐的止吐治疗。

聚普瑞锌是一种锌与L-肌肽的螯合剂,具有抗炎和抗氧化功能,其对酒精、醋酸、盐酸和非甾体抗炎药所致黏膜损伤均有显著的保护和修复作用,在日本已被广泛用于治疗溃疡。研究发现缺锌可明显降低学习记忆功能,补充微量元素锌能降低血液和大脑中5-HT的浓度,这可能揭示了锌对化疗患者呕吐症状的改善作用。

中国医学科学院肿瘤医院/肿瘤研究所研究人员应用大鼠对聚普瑞锌(实验药品由吉林博大伟业提供)减轻化疗药物所致呕吐的机制进行了探索,为其临床用于化疗止吐提供了实验证据。研究结果于2018年6月发表于Journal of International Medical Research杂志。

聚普瑞锌可以显著改善

化疗所致的体重减轻

研究者将SD大鼠随机分为5组:正常对照组;环磷酰胺(CTX)组;顺铂(DDP)组;聚普瑞锌+CTX组;聚普瑞锌+DDP组。与对照组相比,CTX或DDP治疗大鼠的体重显著下降,联合应用聚普瑞锌,可以改善CTX或DDP所致体重下降,与单独应用CTX或DDP组相比,差异具有显著性,P值分别为<0.05和<0.01(图1)。


图1聚普瑞锌对化疗大鼠体重的影响

聚普瑞锌可以显著降低

化疗所致呕吐相关神经递质的水平

化疗药物导致呕吐的机制主要涉及药物引起黏膜损伤,尤其是从胃到回肠黏膜的损伤,嗜铬细胞释放DA和5-HT,激活位于第四脑室化学感受区触发带的迷走神经,从而发生呕吐。研究者对比了CTX或DDP以及联合应用聚普瑞锌治疗大鼠的呕吐相关神经递质的水平。与对照组相比,CTX或DDP治疗大鼠的血清及脑组织5-HT、NF-κB和DA水平显著升高,联合应用聚普瑞锌时,5-HT、NF-κB和DA水平显著降低,与单独应用CTX或DDP相比,差异具有显著性(图2)。


图2聚普瑞锌对化疗大鼠血清

和脑组织神经递质的影响

(a)血清5-HT水平;(b)脑组织5-HT水平;

(c)血清NF-κB水平;(d)脑组织NF-κB水平;

(e)血清DA水平;(f)脑组织DA水平。

聚普瑞锌可以显著减轻

化疗所致胃、肠和脑组织损伤

组织病理学检查结果表明,CTX或DDP可导致大鼠胃黏膜、肠黏膜和脑组织损伤,联合应用聚普瑞锌治疗,可以显著减轻大鼠胃、肠和脑组织损伤(图3)。


图3聚普瑞锌对化疗大鼠胃、
肠组织的影响(H.E.′400)

(a)、(b)对照组肠和胃腺体组织:组织结构正常,细胞排列整齐,绒毛完整;

(c)、(d)CTX组肠和胃腺体组织:细胞间隙较宽,细胞萎缩;

(e)、(f)DDP组肠和胃腺体组织:核固缩,细胞活性降低,绒毛萎缩;

(g)、(h)聚普瑞锌+CTX组肠和胃腺体组织:细胞正常,结构清晰,绒毛完整,腺体整洁;

(i)、(j)聚普瑞锌+DDP组肠和胃腺体组织:细胞正常,绒毛完整,腺体整洁。

聚普瑞锌改善化疗所致

胃黏膜损伤和呕吐的机制?

聚普瑞锌的吸收呈pH依赖性,可溶于胃酸等酸性溶液中,具有膜稳定作用和抗氧化活性,促进创伤修复。对接受小剂量阿司匹林治疗超过5个月的患者进行胶囊内镜随访研究,表明聚普瑞锌可以显著抑制肠道肿胀、糜烂和溃疡。本研究表明,CTX或DDP导致大鼠胃、肠和脑组织损伤,联合应用聚普瑞锌,可以减轻胃、肠和脑组织损伤。

TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6等促炎细胞因子可以直接或间接影响微血管内皮细胞或血细胞,从而导致微循环障碍、内皮细胞及组织损伤。活化的NF-κB可以调控上述细胞因子编码基因的表达,而聚普瑞锌通过抑制NF-κB活化以及NO和TNF-α等促炎因子产生,可以预防脂多糖所致的内毒素性休克。本研究发现,腹腔注射CTX或DDP大鼠血清和脑组织的NF-κB水平显著升高,联合应用聚普瑞锌,可以使NF-κB水平显著降低。

缺锌可使小鼠血液和大脑5-HT水平升高,而高剂量锌制剂可以降低DA和5-HT对断奶仔猪的刺激效应。本研究发现,单独应用CTX或DDP大鼠的血清和脑组织神经递质5-HT和DA水平显著升高,联合应用聚普瑞锌后,这些神经递质的水平显著降低。

总之,CTX或DDP可以导致大鼠血液和脑组织中DA、5-HT和NF-κB水平升高,发生胃、肠和脑组织损伤,联合应用聚普瑞锌,可以显著降低上述神经递质水平,减轻胃、肠和脑组织损伤。这一研究结果为聚普瑞锌作为化疗止吐药物提供了实验基础。

原始出处:

Liu ZY, Xie WB, Ru Li M, Teng N, Liang X, Zhang ZQ. Effects of polaprezinc on gastric mucosal damage and neurotransmitters in a rat model of chemotherapy-induced vomiting[J]. J Int Med Res. 2018; 46(6): 2436-2444.

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    2018-08-29 baoya
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    2018-08-25 秀红

    学习了

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1931842, encodeId=c3fc1931842c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250183421dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83421, encryptionId=250183421dc, topicName=胃黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743d308, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Wed Aug 29 07:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1809340, encodeId=f2d5180934029, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3bab8342546' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃黏膜损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83425, encryptionId=3bab8342546, topicName=胃黏膜损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Mon Nov 05 16:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340654, encodeId=e390340654cd, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/01/15/8213228fe923915543544ad3da7e1c64.jpg, createdBy=6bd82014262, createdName=秀红, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 06:54:43 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1397606, encodeId=96cb139e606f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8bee565436d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56543, encryptionId=8bee565436d, topicName=损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eoNX3lUOlDKGBUEPNwZx0nibmdcFyeibnX4WMhUSCU2REpGRWtSmnT2CCs0dA5waxvJknYDxwtYnIcQ/132, createdBy=294e2500218, createdName=ms3046638856685384, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520006, encodeId=9fb915200065e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ab11032506f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103250, encryptionId=6ab11032506f, topicName=黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=057f11309297, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1609071, encodeId=387b16090e129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=339873, encodeId=aaec3398e35c, content=学习了,长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Aug 21 08:44:38 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-22 snowpeakxu
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1931842, encodeId=c3fc1931842c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250183421dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83421, encryptionId=250183421dc, topicName=胃黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743d308, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Wed Aug 29 07:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1809340, encodeId=f2d5180934029, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3bab8342546' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃黏膜损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83425, encryptionId=3bab8342546, topicName=胃黏膜损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Mon Nov 05 16:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340654, encodeId=e390340654cd, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/01/15/8213228fe923915543544ad3da7e1c64.jpg, createdBy=6bd82014262, createdName=秀红, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 06:54:43 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1397606, encodeId=96cb139e606f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8bee565436d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56543, encryptionId=8bee565436d, topicName=损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eoNX3lUOlDKGBUEPNwZx0nibmdcFyeibnX4WMhUSCU2REpGRWtSmnT2CCs0dA5waxvJknYDxwtYnIcQ/132, createdBy=294e2500218, createdName=ms3046638856685384, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520006, encodeId=9fb915200065e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ab11032506f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103250, encryptionId=6ab11032506f, topicName=黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=057f11309297, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1609071, encodeId=387b16090e129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=339873, encodeId=aaec3398e35c, content=学习了,长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Aug 21 08:44:38 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1931842, encodeId=c3fc1931842c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250183421dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83421, encryptionId=250183421dc, topicName=胃黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743d308, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Wed Aug 29 07:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1809340, encodeId=f2d5180934029, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3bab8342546' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃黏膜损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83425, encryptionId=3bab8342546, topicName=胃黏膜损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Mon Nov 05 16:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340654, encodeId=e390340654cd, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/01/15/8213228fe923915543544ad3da7e1c64.jpg, createdBy=6bd82014262, createdName=秀红, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 06:54:43 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1397606, encodeId=96cb139e606f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8bee565436d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56543, encryptionId=8bee565436d, topicName=损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eoNX3lUOlDKGBUEPNwZx0nibmdcFyeibnX4WMhUSCU2REpGRWtSmnT2CCs0dA5waxvJknYDxwtYnIcQ/132, createdBy=294e2500218, createdName=ms3046638856685384, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520006, encodeId=9fb915200065e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ab11032506f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103250, encryptionId=6ab11032506f, topicName=黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=057f11309297, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1609071, encodeId=387b16090e129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Aug 22 03:19:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=339873, encodeId=aaec3398e35c, content=学习了,长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Aug 21 08:44:38 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-21 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,长知识

    0