NEJM:维生素D补充剂对降低儿童结核感染风险无益

2020-07-28 Zhao Lei MedSci原创

普通人群对肺结核的认识可能局限于林黛玉、鲁迅、林徽因等名人,他们都因结核病离世。结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性传染病,其可侵及机体多种脏器,以肺部结核感染最为

     普通人群对肺结核的认识可能局限于林黛玉、鲁迅、林徽因等名人,他们都因结核病离世。结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性传染病,其可侵及机体多种脏器,以肺部结核感染最为常见。作为一种古老的传染病,结核病一直困扰着世界各国。多年来,科学家们在诊断技术、药物开发、治疗手段方面都取得了众多成果,但结核病依然是全世界十大致死疾病之一,仅次于艾滋病。

     世界卫生组织“终结结核病战略”的目标是:经有效防治,至2030年结核病发病率下降80%。当前,防控结核病的主要任务是积极治疗活动性结核病,以减少结核病传播。然而,有数学模型表明,仅靠这一策略并不能实现发病率减少的目标,因为活动性结核只占结核病的少数,大多数结核病病例是由无症状人群体内潜伏的结核分枝杆菌重新激活而引起的。据估计,当前全世界约有17亿人有潜在的结核病感染,其中约10%的人可能会发展为结核病。虽然结核病通常在成年时重新发病,但初次感染最常发生于儿童时期。因此,如果要想要降低结核病发病率,就需要采取一定的措施来防止儿童感染结核病。

     有研究报道,维生素D缺乏与学龄儿童潜在的结核病易感性有关;也有研究发现,补充维生素D可增强易感人群对结核分枝杆菌感染的免疫力,并降低学龄儿童皮试结核菌试验后转为阳性的风险。近日,发表在《The New England Journal of Medicine》的一项研究提出假设,对易患结核病同时缺乏维生素D的人群补充维生素D可降低其感染结核分枝杆菌和患结核病的风险。

     这项三期双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验在在蒙古乌兰巴托的18所公立学校开展,该地区为维生素D缺乏和结核病的高发区,纳入的8851名儿童中95.6%的儿童血清25-羟基维生素D基线水平低于20 ng/ml。该研究主要纳入标准为年龄在6~13岁的无潜在的结核感染合并有佝偻病临床体征的儿童。主要观察指标是结核分枝杆菌感染结果阳性,次要观察指标包括试验结束时的血清25-羟基维生素D水平,以及肺结核病、急性呼吸道感染和不良事件的发生率。研究员将8851名结核分枝杆菌感染结果呈阴性的儿童随机分组: 4418名被分配到维生素D组,4433名被分配到安慰剂组。连续3年每周口服14000 IU的维生素D3或安慰剂。试验结束时,结核感染T细胞检测结果阳性的疑似结核感染的儿童中,维生素D组的阳性结果百分比为3.6%,安慰剂组的阳性结果百分比为3.3%;维生素D组的平均血清25-羟基维生素D水平为31.0 ng /ml,安慰剂组为10.7 ng /ml;维生素D组有21名儿童被诊断患有结核病,安慰剂组有25名儿童;维生素D组的29名儿童和安慰剂组的34名儿童因急性呼吸道感染住院治疗;两组间不良事件发生率无显著差异。

     最后,研究得出结论,在蒙古缺乏维生素D的学龄儿童中,补充维生素D并不会降低患结核病感染、结核病或急性呼吸道感染的风险。

 

原始出处:Ganmaa D, Uyanga B, Zhou X, et al. Vitamin D Supplements for Prevention of Tuberculosis Infection and Disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(4):359-368. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1915176

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1721520, encodeId=82d51e21520b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=12cae864776' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78647, encryptionId=12cae864776, topicName=结核感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a1433017007, createdName=swallow, createdTime=Fri May 07 14:06:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254375, encodeId=cf2f12543e50a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f30ae86297d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78629, encryptionId=f30ae86297d, topicName=结核)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=huhuaidong387, createdTime=Thu Jul 30 12:06:28 CST 2020, time=2020-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035363, encodeId=4ff110353638f, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 00:06:28 CST 2020, time=2020-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=804962, encodeId=283f804962dd, content=磊磊厉害哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e32a5403342, createdName=ms4000000218192198, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 21:53:35 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=804955, encodeId=bef3804955e2, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1bb241978, createdName=phoebeyan520, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 21:29:14 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2020-07-29 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1721520, encodeId=82d51e21520b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=12cae864776' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78647, encryptionId=12cae864776, topicName=结核感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a1433017007, createdName=swallow, createdTime=Fri May 07 14:06:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254375, encodeId=cf2f12543e50a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f30ae86297d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78629, encryptionId=f30ae86297d, topicName=结核)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=huhuaidong387, createdTime=Thu Jul 30 12:06:28 CST 2020, time=2020-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035363, encodeId=4ff110353638f, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 00:06:28 CST 2020, time=2020-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=804962, encodeId=283f804962dd, content=磊磊厉害哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e32a5403342, createdName=ms4000000218192198, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 21:53:35 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=804955, encodeId=bef3804955e2, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1bb241978, createdName=phoebeyan520, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 21:29:14 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-28 ms4000000218192198

    磊磊厉害哦

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1721520, encodeId=82d51e21520b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=12cae864776' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78647, encryptionId=12cae864776, topicName=结核感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a1433017007, createdName=swallow, createdTime=Fri May 07 14:06:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254375, encodeId=cf2f12543e50a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f30ae86297d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结核#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78629, encryptionId=f30ae86297d, topicName=结核)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=huhuaidong387, createdTime=Thu Jul 30 12:06:28 CST 2020, time=2020-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035363, encodeId=4ff110353638f, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 00:06:28 CST 2020, time=2020-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=804962, encodeId=283f804962dd, content=磊磊厉害哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e32a5403342, createdName=ms4000000218192198, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 21:53:35 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=804955, encodeId=bef3804955e2, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1bb241978, createdName=phoebeyan520, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 21:29:14 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-28 phoebeyan520

    学习了

    0

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