Neuropharmacology:实锤:父亲孕前饮酒增加后代大脑认知功能障碍,男性后代比女性后代更易受损害!

2020-03-31 转化医学网 转化医学网

近日,发表在《Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research》杂志上的一篇研究显示,父亲在备孕期饮酒对孩子的大脑和行为发育会产生有害影响。

基因对后代的影响不言而喻,父母的行为更是从各方面影响着后代,近日,发表在《Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research》杂志上的一篇研究显示,父亲在备孕期饮酒对孩子的大脑和行为发育会产生有害影响。大脑皮层是哺乳动物大脑中负责复杂认知和行为功能的最复杂部分,它存在模式缺陷,异常的基因表达会导致连接错误进行影响认知功能。

孕妇怀孕期间饮酒的危害已经得到广泛研究,然而,有关父亲在怀孕期间饮酒的安全性的研究却少之又少。为此,凯利?霍夫曼教授带领的研究团队以胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASD)小鼠模型为对象研究了雄性小鼠酒精暴露对后代大脑功能的影响。

研究人员在雄性老鼠与雌性小鼠交配前大约2-3周的时间内喂食以酒精,结果发现,这种酒精接触改变了他们后代的新皮层基因表达和连接。后代还表现出非典型的特征,如焦虑或多动症增加和运动功能下降,这与酗酒父亲所生子女的行为模式一致。

霍夫曼表示,在之前的研究中,已经展示了父系生殖系如何在一次产前酒精暴露后,特异性地通过多代传递可遗传的变化。显然,怀孕前的父系环境对后代的健康发育至关重要。此外,研究小组发现,男性后代通常比女性后代更易受到接触酒精的父亲的不利影响,表现为多动症增加,协调能力受损以及短期运动和学习能力受损。而产前母体接触酒精,会导致发育异常,包括体重下降、大脑重量和大脑体积的异常。此外,酒精接触会导致婴儿大脑皮层模式的严重异常,以及由此产生的电路或连接异常,这些对于大脑的精确功能恰恰是必要的。

该研究首次研究了孕前接触酒精对新皮质大体解剖发育的影响,包括遗传模式和回路发育,以及对受影响后代的广泛行为分析。霍夫曼的团队计划扩大老鼠研究的范围,以调查父亲饮酒对后代的影响是否会遗传给后代。

该研究让我们认识到了接触酒精对后代的影响,那么,除了远离酒精,是否有其他方法来弥补这种损害呢?在接下来的研究中,霍夫曼的团队让怀孕的老鼠暴露在25%的酒精中,这是FASD模型的常用剂量,并且在整个怀孕期间持续补充氯化胆碱补充剂,每升氯化胆碱补充剂中大约有640毫克的酒精。以此来测试补充胆碱对产前接触酒精引起的异常新皮层和行为发育的潜在影响。

当雌性老鼠在怀孕期间摄入胆碱(一种基本营养素)和酒精时,会出现与产前接触酒精相关的负面结果,比如体重变轻。在后代中,大脑重量和大脑皮层解剖结构表现出异常减少。这意味着补充胆碱可以预防与产前接触酒精相关的不良后果。

胆碱是一种类似维生素的必需营养素,是甲基基团供体,对大脑的正常发育至关重要,因为它能生成与DNA相连并影响基因表达的甲基基团。

研究论文的第一作者波顿表示:“我们的研究结果表明,在怀孕期间向酗酒妇女提供甲基供体,如胆碱,可以有效地减少孕期对酒精的接触可能造成的损害程度,这可能会减少产前接触酒精模型中FASD的多代传播。”

虽然人们已经意识到了酒精的诸多危害,然而,直至今日,FASD仍没有引起普遍性重视,多数人,包括大多数医生都对它缺乏基本认识,更难言重视,也就难怪普通公众对此认识的模糊。

目前有全国性发病率估计的仅有美国。CDC早年估计FAS全美发生率每1000例活产婴儿中约有1~3例,FASD总发病率为1000例活产婴儿中有9.1例,即大致1%。FASD发病率远高于像Down综合征、脊柱裂等神经系统出生缺陷性疾病。

学界一直认为,人们对于这个疾病普遍缺乏认识,实际的发生率应该显着高于这个数据。果不其然,2014年在洛矶山社区的一项调查发现,仅FAS和部分FAS的综合发生率为10.9~25.2 /1000(1.1%?2.5%),全部FASD发生率更是高达24~48/1000(2.4%-4.8%)。

这是一个相当惊人的数字,每100个孩子中就有3、5个酒精问题儿,仅严重的就有2个。

世界范围内,FASD发病率最高,是在西非某个地区,高达为135.1~207.5 / 1000(13.5%~20.8%)。

因此,为了宝宝的健康,不管孕前孕后,都要远离酒精!

原始出处:

Riley T.Bottom. Rescue of ethanol-induced FASD-like phenotypes via prenatal co-administration of choline. Neuropharmacology, Volume 168, 15 May 2020, 107990.

前言:

基因对后代的影响不言而喻,父母的行为更是从各方面影响着后代,近日,发表在《Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research》杂志上的一篇研究显示,父亲在备孕期饮酒对孩子的大脑和行为发育会产生有害影响。大脑皮层是哺乳动物大脑中负责复杂认知和行为功能的最复杂部分,它存在模式缺陷,异常的基因表达会导致连接错误进行影响认知功能。

孕妇怀孕期间饮酒的危害已经得到广泛研究,然而,有关父亲在怀孕期间饮酒的安全性的研究却少之又少。为此,凯利?霍夫曼教授带领的研究团队以胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASD)小鼠模型为对象研究了雄性小鼠酒精暴露对后代大脑功能的影响。

研究人员在雄性老鼠与雌性小鼠交配前大约2-3周的时间内喂食以酒精,结果发现,这种酒精接触改变了他们后代的新皮层基因表达和连接。后代还表现出非典型的特征,如焦虑或多动症增加和运动功能下降,这与酗酒父亲所生子女的行为模式一致。

霍夫曼表示,在之前的研究中,已经展示了父系生殖系如何在一次产前酒精暴露后,特异性地通过多代传递可遗传的变化。显然,怀孕前的父系环境对后代的健康发育至关重要。此外,研究小组发现,男性后代通常比女性后代更易受到接触酒精的父亲的不利影响,表现为多动症增加,协调能力受损以及短期运动和学习能力受损。而产前母体接触酒精,会导致发育异常,包括体重下降、大脑重量和大脑体积的异常。此外,酒精接触会导致婴儿大脑皮层模式的严重异常,以及由此产生的电路或连接异常,这些对于大脑的精确功能恰恰是必要的。

该研究首次研究了孕前接触酒精对新皮质大体解剖发育的影响,包括遗传模式和回路发育,以及对受影响后代的广泛行为分析。霍夫曼的团队计划扩大老鼠研究的范围,以调查父亲饮酒对后代的影响是否会遗传给后代。

该研究让我们认识到了接触酒精对后代的影响,那么,除了远离酒精,是否有其他方法来弥补这种损害呢?在接下来的研究中,霍夫曼的团队让怀孕的老鼠暴露在25%的酒精中,这是FASD模型的常用剂量,并且在整个怀孕期间持续补充氯化胆碱补充剂,每升氯化胆碱补充剂中大约有640毫克的酒精。以此来测试补充胆碱对产前接触酒精引起的异常新皮层和行为发育的潜在影响。

当雌性老鼠在怀孕期间摄入胆碱(一种基本营养素)和酒精时,会出现与产前接触酒精相关的负面结果,比如体重变轻。在后代中,大脑重量和大脑皮层解剖结构表现出异常减少。这意味着补充胆碱可以预防与产前接触酒精相关的不良后果。

胆碱是一种类似维生素的必需营养素,是甲基基团供体,对大脑的正常发育至关重要,因为它能生成与DNA相连并影响基因表达的甲基基团。

研究论文的第一作者波顿表示:“我们的研究结果表明,在怀孕期间向酗酒妇女提供甲基供体,如胆碱,可以有效地减少孕期对酒精的接触可能造成的损害程度,这可能会减少产前接触酒精模型中FASD的多代传播。”

虽然人们已经意识到了酒精的诸多危害,然而,直至今日,FASD仍没有引起普遍性重视,多数人,包括大多数医生都对它缺乏基本认识,更难言重视,也就难怪普通公众对此认识的模糊。

目前有全国性发病率估计的仅有美国。CDC早年估计FAS全美发生率每1000例活产婴儿中约有1~3例,FASD总发病率为1000例活产婴儿中有9.1例,即大致1%。FASD发病率远高于像Down综合征、脊柱裂等神经系统出生缺陷性疾病。

学界一直认为,人们对于这个疾病普遍缺乏认识,实际的发生率应该显着高于这个数据。果不其然,2014年在洛矶山社区的一项调查发现,仅FAS和部分FAS的综合发生率为10.9~25.2 /1000(1.1%?2.5%),全部FASD发生率更是高达24~48/1000(2.4%-4.8%)。

这是一个相当惊人的数字,每100个孩子中就有3、5个酒精问题儿,仅严重的就有2个。

世界范围内,FASD发病率最高,是在西非某个地区,高达为135.1~207.5 / 1000(13.5%~20.8%)。

因此,为了宝宝的健康,不管孕前孕后,都要远离酒精!

原始出处:

Riley T.Bottom. Rescue of ethanol-induced FASD-like phenotypes via prenatal co-administration of choline. Neuropharmacology, Volume 168, 15 May 2020, 107990.

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#插入话题
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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2037831, encodeId=991f203e831e1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=777f4396e31' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑认知#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43967, encryptionId=777f4396e31, topicName=大脑认知)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKQHWdlyPWPmuHjfEXicudmC0dJ6SN5PHzglbDHibXpT1VXF2fKDnTzl2Eib4Pf94p58cnSKA3ZfGdFQ/132, createdBy=c44f2500101, createdName=ms2694732865965676, createdTime=Sun Apr 12 07:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788666, encodeId=c0eb1e8866612, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9641141647e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharmacology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14164, encryptionId=9641141647e, topicName=pharmacology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e183245, createdName=Eleven11, createdTime=Wed Dec 30 01:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1659603, encodeId=3c0d1659603e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c42845239ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#孕前#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45239, encryptionId=c42845239ef, topicName=孕前)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c8925003801, createdName=szhvet, createdTime=Tue Apr 07 21:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788384, encodeId=f4201e8838473, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e014162e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharmacol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14162, encryptionId=38e014162e2, topicName=Pharmacol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Wed Feb 10 21:35:00 CST 2021, time=2021-02-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996343, encodeId=e9c0199634340, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Sat Feb 20 08:35:00 CST 2021, time=2021-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908579, encodeId=21cb19085e940, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Tue Jun 16 00:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787656, encodeId=ebe51e8765622, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Fri Oct 30 15:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1421290, encodeId=b66614212900f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=09d33294eb8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能障碍#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32947, encryptionId=09d33294eb8, topicName=功能障碍)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b3493649807, createdName=naiwu78, createdTime=Thu Apr 02 12:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2037831, encodeId=991f203e831e1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=777f4396e31' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑认知#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43967, encryptionId=777f4396e31, topicName=大脑认知)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKQHWdlyPWPmuHjfEXicudmC0dJ6SN5PHzglbDHibXpT1VXF2fKDnTzl2Eib4Pf94p58cnSKA3ZfGdFQ/132, createdBy=c44f2500101, createdName=ms2694732865965676, createdTime=Sun Apr 12 07:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788666, encodeId=c0eb1e8866612, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9641141647e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharmacology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14164, encryptionId=9641141647e, topicName=pharmacology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e183245, createdName=Eleven11, createdTime=Wed Dec 30 01:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1659603, encodeId=3c0d1659603e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c42845239ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#孕前#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45239, encryptionId=c42845239ef, topicName=孕前)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c8925003801, createdName=szhvet, createdTime=Tue Apr 07 21:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788384, encodeId=f4201e8838473, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e014162e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharmacol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14162, encryptionId=38e014162e2, topicName=Pharmacol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Wed Feb 10 21:35:00 CST 2021, time=2021-02-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996343, encodeId=e9c0199634340, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Sat Feb 20 08:35:00 CST 2021, time=2021-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908579, encodeId=21cb19085e940, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Tue Jun 16 00:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787656, encodeId=ebe51e8765622, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Fri Oct 30 15:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1421290, encodeId=b66614212900f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=09d33294eb8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能障碍#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32947, encryptionId=09d33294eb8, topicName=功能障碍)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b3493649807, createdName=naiwu78, createdTime=Thu Apr 02 12:35:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-04-07 szhvet
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    2021-02-20 yb6560
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