NEJM:复发性多发性硬化症治疗奥瑞珠单抗与干扰素β-1a,哪家强?

2016-12-22 xing.T MedSci原创

在复发性多发性硬化症患者中,在为期96周的治疗过程中奥瑞珠单抗治疗比干扰素β-1a治疗疾病活动和进展率较低。奥瑞珠单抗的安全性需要大型的长期研究来评估。

B细胞可以影响多发性硬化症的发病机制,奥瑞珠单抗是一种人源化单克隆抗体,可以选择性消耗CD20+B细胞。

在两个相同的3期试验中,研究人员随机分配821例和835例复发性多发性硬化症患者分别接受每24周一次的静脉600mg奥瑞珠单抗治疗和96周内进行3次皮下注射44μg干扰素β-1a。该研究的主要终点指标为年化复发率。

奥瑞珠单抗治疗组的年化复发率比干扰素β-1a 治疗组要低,在第一个试验中(0.16 vs. 0.29;奥瑞珠单抗的复发率低了46%;P<0.001),在第二个试验中(0.16 vs. 0.29;奥瑞珠单抗治疗的复发率低了47%;P<0.001)。

在预先设定的汇总分析,在12周奥瑞珠单抗治疗组确认的无进展患者百分比比干扰素β-1a治疗组要显著降低(9.1% vs. 13.6%;风险比为0.60;95%可信区间为0.45-0.81;P<0.001),在12周确认的无进展患者百分比各组为(6.9% vs.10.5%;风险比为0.60;95%可信区间为0.43-0.84;P=0.003)。

在第一个试验中,奥瑞珠单抗治疗组钆增强T1加权磁共振病灶平均数为0.02,而干扰素β-1a治疗组为0.29(奥瑞珠单抗治疗的病灶数目降低了94%,P<0.001);在第二个试验中分别为0.02 vs. 0.42(奥瑞珠单抗治疗的病灶数目降低了95%,P<0.001)。

在第二个试验中,多发性硬化功能复合评分的变化(对步行速度、上肢运动和认知的复合指标;对于这个Z得分,负值表明恶化和正值表明改善)在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组明显优于干扰素β-1a治疗组(0.28 vs. 0.17,P=0.004);但在第一个试验中无差异(0.21 vs. 0.17,P=0.33)。

在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组有34.3%的患者中发生输注相关反应。在与奥瑞珠单抗治疗组和干扰素β-1a治疗组发生严重的感染的患者比例分别为2.9%和1.3%。在与奥瑞珠单抗治疗组和干扰素β-1a治疗组患者发生肿瘤的比例分别为0.2%和0.5%。

由此可见,在复发性多发性硬化症患者中,在为期96周的治疗过程中奥瑞珠单抗治疗比干扰素β-1a治疗疾病活动和进展率较低,奥瑞珠单抗的安全性需要大型的长期研究来评估。

原始出处:

Stephen L. Hauser, et al. Ocrelizumabversus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis. N Engl J Med. December 21, 2016.

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    2017-01-12 jml2009
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