氢气用于自闭症康复的研究进展

2022-06-16 梅斯 梅斯

研究显示,氧化应激在孤独症的病理生理机制上有重要作用。

根据中国残疾人联合会保守估计,我国020岁以上的自闭症患者约有500万。自闭症的病因目前还不清楚,其病理生理学机制亦十分复杂。目前,学者们的广泛认为,氧化应激在孤独症的病理生理机制上有重要作用。

什么是氧化应激?

氧化应激是指机体活性氧的产生过多或(和)机体抗氧化能力下降,导致活性氧在体内增多并引起细胞氧化损伤的病理过程。

自闭症和氧化应激

相对于其他神经变性疾病,自闭症患者的大脑要发育得较差,由此导致了氧化应激损害的风险。因为他们大脑的不成熟的抗氧化系统,不足以保护由增多的活性氧引起的损害。

自闭症患者存在脑组织发育障碍,神经细胞产生过量活性氧(ROS)自由基,超出了其过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的清除能力,最终造成组织炎症。

脑和血脑屏障与氧化应激的关系

由于大脑的脂肪酸浓度高,氧需求高,抗氧化物浓度低和氧化还原活性铁的有效性高,因此脑和血脑屏障对氧化损害更敏感。临床和实验室检查,也发现自闭症患者存在血脑屏障的缺损。研究发现,氧化应激导致血脑屏障的脑网状结构受损,在孤独症中,常报道睡眠障碍、易惊醒等,这是网状结构功能失调的表现。

氢气对脑的保护作用

由于血脑屏障存在,药物不易从血液中进入脑实质中,这也是药物对自闭症效果有限的原因。2021年,深圳大学的何前军教授和南方医科大学喻志强教授,合作研究发现:氢气可以很容易地穿过血脑屏障,迅速地进入脑组织。

深圳大学的何前军教授

南方医科大学喻志强教授

同时,氢分子具有选择性抗氧化特性。不同于一般的抗氧化剂,氢分子可以选择性清除高毒性的羟基自由基和过氧亚硝酸自由基,而不影响其它具有重要生理功能的活性氧物种。研究发现,氢分子在炎症和氧化应激相关的众多疾病(如心血管疾病、癌症、缺血再灌注损伤、关节炎、肝/////胰腺/皮炎等)中具有明显的治疗作用。

目前研究发现,在细胞水平上,氢气湮灭自由基、阻止炎症发生发展;同时能轻易穿过血脑屏障和细胞膜,具有湮灭羟基自由基的强大能力,所以氢气在治疗自闭症方面,具有非常大的临床意义。

氢气在自闭症康复领域的应用

目前,国内多家医疗机构,已经开始了将氢气用于自闭症儿童康复的临床试验。如魏佑震教授团队(上海市东方医院),济南市第二妇幼保健院儿保科孤独症训练中心等。下面是一位参与过吸氢康复治疗的自闭症家长的讲述(来自济南市第二妇幼保健院的报道)

这个吸氢太神奇了,昨天吸过氢之后,孩子中午睡了两个半小时,晚上睡觉破天荒地呼吸深沉,一觉睡到大天亮。尝到甜头的霖霖妈妈乐呵呵地说,今天一定要想办法多给他吸一会。慢慢地霖霖吸氢的时间逐渐达到了每天1小时,经过吸氢治疗后,他的睡眠质量好了,情绪变得稳定了,个训课上与老师的配合程度也明显提高。

参考文献

An Activity-Based Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for InVivo Real-Time Imaging of Hydrogen Molecules

《孤独症中氧化应激的病理生理学机制研究进展》

《济南市第二妇幼保健院:氢气吸入治疗为自闭症儿童点亮星空

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    2022-09-30 ms5000000464171069

    真的假的?能推广吗,能根治吗

    0

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    2022-06-17 xiongke014
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