NEJM:儿童服用利福平与异烟肼的安全性及副作用比较

2018-08-02 xing.T MedSci原创

由此可见,在18岁以下的儿童中,使用4个月利福平的治疗具有相似的安全性和疗效,但比异烟肼治疗9个月的依从性更好。

儿童中对结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染的治疗很重要,因为儿童易患危及生命的结核病。目前的标准治疗-服用异烟肼9个月-具有较差的依从性以及存在毒性效应,这严重阻碍了药物的有效性。在成人中,采用4个月的利福平治疗方案已被证明比9个月的异烟肼治疗方案更安全和依从性更高。

近日,顶级医学期刊NEJM上发表了一篇研究文章,在这项多中心、开放标签试验中,研究人员随机分配了844名患有潜伏性结核分枝杆菌感染的儿童(<18岁)接受了4个月的利福平或9个月的异烟肼治疗。该研究的主要结局是导致试验药物永久停用的1至5级不良事件。次要结局是治疗依从性、副作用特征和疗效。由成员不知道试验分组的独立审查小组裁定所有不良事件和进展为活动性结核病例。

在接受随机分组的儿童中,829人符合纳入改良意向治疗分析的标准。利福平组422名受试者中有360名儿童(85.3%)完成了治疗,而异烟肼组407名中有311名儿童(76.4%)完成了治疗(治疗完成率调整后差异为13.4%;95%置信区间[CI]为7.5-19.3%)。不良事件发生率之间没有显著的组间差异,联合组中少于5%的儿童发生被认为可能与试验药物相关的1级或2级不良事件。在542人次每年的随访期间,异烟肼组的2名儿童中诊断出活动性结核,其中包括1例异烟肼耐药病例,而利福平组562人次每年的随访期间未发生活动性结核病(差异为-0.37病例/100人每年;95%CI为-0.88至0.14)。

由此可见,在18岁以下的儿童中,使用4个月利福平的治疗具有相似的安全性和疗效,但比异烟肼治疗9个月的依从性更好。

原始出处:

Thierno Diallo,et al. Safety and Side Effects of Rifampin versus Isoniazid in Children. N Engl J Med 2018; https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1714284

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824293, encodeId=8e4518242937a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56a932e7800' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#副作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32778, encryptionId=56a932e7800, topicName=副作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f0715, createdName=showtest, createdTime=Wed Oct 17 05:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=336239, encodeId=c3dd3362393f, content=这个问题很重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKibA62IFMeUJEmSyIe8DvYFeERuOsfrRd8iano7nENqQU1dRR3tqeQOUL3eqgYgEZRT2t2iaEsib0JEw/132, createdBy=66771693911, createdName=易水河, createdTime=Sat Aug 04 08:53:39 CST 2018, time=2018-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340391, encodeId=5399134039164, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbc0498101f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#异烟肼#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49810, encryptionId=dbc0498101f, topicName=异烟肼)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/72D57F5B3E12B2BB53D6BD015D14DCD6/100, createdBy=a92e2500162, createdName=passed water, createdTime=Sat Aug 04 07:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1391658, encodeId=6b011391658d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f363232442' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#利福平#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32324, encryptionId=2f363232442, topicName=利福平)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/BF4BC9769C2FF12AC93CAA0069C0696C/100, createdBy=7bb22500091, createdName=ms1292405679162969, createdTime=Sat Aug 04 07:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-04 易水河

    这个问题很重要

    0

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