JAMA Netw Open:背锅多年?肥胖可能不是非传染性疾病的危险因素!

2021-03-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

这一发现表明目前归因于肥胖的一些不良后果可能是高胰岛素血症或其他直接因素导致的。

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肥胖与许多非传染性慢性病(NCDs)有关,如2型糖尿病、冠心病、慢性肾病和哮喘。尽管肥胖也被认为会导致过早死亡,但这种关联并没有达到Bradford Hill因果关系的几个标准。有证据表明,在患有急性或慢性疾病且年龄较大的人群中,肥胖症患者比瘦人寿命更长,这写研究结果是非常一致的。因此,肥胖可能不是非传染性疾病的危险因素,而是对疾病发展的一种保护性反应。

肥胖症和这些慢性疾病不良后果之间的联系通常归因于两种潜在的介质:慢性炎症和高胰岛素血症。关于肥胖与慢性炎症和/或高胰岛素血症之间关系的现有数据主要是横截面的,因此很难确定任何因果关系的方向。

为此,有研究者总结了高体重指数(BMI)与慢性炎症和高胰岛素血症之间的时间相关性的证据。该研究结果近日发表在JAMA Network Open期刊上。

研究者检索了MEDLINE(1946年至2019年8月20日)和Embase(1974年至2019年8月19日)数据库,但由于结果量大,只纳入了2018年发表的研究。数据分析是在2020年1月至2020年10月之间进行的。

在1865份记录中,确定了60项符合条件的研究,涉及112个队列共5603名参与者。大多数标准化斜率为负,这意味着大多数研究的参与者在BMI、空腹胰岛素水平和C-反应蛋白水平方面都有所下降。第1期空腹胰岛素水平与第2期BMI之间的相关性为显著正相关:第1期胰岛素水平每改变一个SD单位,第2期BMI就会发生0.26个SD单位的相关变化。在模型中加入第1周期C-反应蛋白水平后,第1周期空腹胰岛素水平与第2周期BMI的相关性仍然显著(β=0.57;95%CI,0.27-0.86)。在这个双变量模型中,第1期C反应蛋白水平与第2期BMI无显著相关性(β=0.07;95%CI,0.42~0.29;I2=81%)。

周期1和周期2变化之间时间关联的气泡图

这项系统回顾和荟萃分析表明,与体重下降之后空腹胰岛素水平才下降相比,空腹胰岛素水平下降先于体重下降的可能性更大。在考虑了先前空腹胰岛素水平和随后体重增加的可能性之间的联系后,没有证据表明炎症先于随后的体重增加(补充剂中的表7)。这种时间序列(空腹胰岛素的变化先于体重的变化)与肥胖通过增加空腹胰岛素水平导致非传染性疾病和过早死亡的论断不一致。

连同肥胖悖论,这一发现表明目前归因于肥胖的一些不良后果可能是高胰岛素血症或其他直接因素导致的。迫切需要更多的研究来证实这一假设。

参考文献:Wiebe N, Ye F, Crumley ET, Bello A, Stenvinkel P, Tonelli M. Temporal Associations Among Body Mass Index, Fasting Insulin, and Systemic InflammationA Systematic Review and Meta-analysisJAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e211263. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1263

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    2021-10-31 canlab
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    2021-09-20 feather89
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    2022-01-31 xzw113
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    2021-03-14 学医无涯

    虽然肥胖不对也不能啥坏事都是它引起的

    0

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    2021-03-14 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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