Diabetes Obes Metab:二甲双胍单药治疗2型糖尿病和既往3期慢性肾病的疗效

2021-11-06 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

二甲双胍对3期CKD (CKD3)或估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)为30 - 59 mL/min/1.73 m2的患者是安全的。

  美国糖尿病协会推荐二甲双胍作为2型糖尿病(T2D)耐受患者的初始治疗选择。美国报道60% - 77%的T2D患者接受二甲双胍单药治疗。由于二甲双胍主要通过肾脏清除,出于安全考虑,二甲双胍在慢性肾病(CKD)患者中的使用一直受到限制。二甲双胍的使用可能会导致可能危及生命的二甲双胍相关乳酸酸中毒,而CKD患者由于二甲双胍清除率降低,发生这种情况的风险更高。然而,在过去的二十年中,许多报告表明二甲双胍对3期CKD (CKD3)或估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)为30 - 59 mL/min/1.73 m2的患者是安全的。本研究的目的是评价二甲双胍对2型糖尿病(T2D)和3期慢性肾病(CKD3)患者的降糖疗效。

方法:这是一项对患有T2D的美国退伍军人进行的回顾性队列研究。研究时间为1999年11月至2017年7月,共纳入177707名T2D患者。二甲双胍单药治疗的定义是:开始二甲双胍治疗至少30天,在前6个月内没有二甲双胍处方,在二甲双胍处方之前或当天没有额外的降糖药使用。我们使用慢性肾脏病流行病学合作(CKD-EPI)公式12计算基线eGFR,计算方法是在二甲双胍开始使用前的12个月内,至少两个eGFR测量值的平均值≥3个月。在排除基线eGFR数据不足或基线eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2和基线特征信息缺失的患者后,最终队列包括13170例合并CKD3患者(基线eGFR 30-59 mL/min/1.73 m2)和132810例未合并CKD患者(基线eGFR≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2)。为了进一步降低基线差异对合并CKD3期和未合并CKD3期队列中的影响,我们生成了3个倾向评分匹配队列:(i) 对26340例患进行者二甲双胍停药分析;(ii)在二线降糖药启动时继续服用二甲双胍并能足够依从的患者中,有5988例患者需要进行二线降糖药分析;(iii)在继续服用二甲双胍并能足够依从的患者中,有1408例患者需要进行HbA1c与基线分析相比的变化。评估CKD3期与二甲双胍停用、加用第二种降糖药以及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)从基线开始的变化之间的独立相关性。使用Kaplan-Meier方法和多变量回归模型检验相关性,并调整基线和12个月平均二甲双胍剂量。

结果:整个队列的平均年龄为60.7岁,其中95%为男性,21%为非裔美国人,9%患有CKD3。在调整后的分析中,与非CKD患者相比,CKD3期患者停用二甲双胍或加用第二种降糖药的风险更高(风险比[HR]1.22,95%可信区间[CI]1.19-1.26,HR 1.26,95%CI 1.13-1.40)。在使用二甲双胍单药治疗的患者中,服用CKD3和不服用CKD3的患者之间,糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)从基线到12或24个月的平均降幅没有差异。

图 Kaplan-Meier分析合并与未合并慢性肾脏疾病3期(CKD3)的队列与倾向评分匹配。A, 合并与未合并CKD3期患者二甲双胍停用分析的Kaplan-Meier分析。B,合并与未合并CKD3期患者增加二线低血糖药物分析的Kaplan-Meier分析

表 在校正分析中二甲双胍停用与第二种降糖药在慢性肾脏病3期和非3期患者中的相关性

结论:CKD3期和T2D患者二甲双胍单药治疗失败的风险增加。然而,二甲双胍在有CKD3和没有CKD3的患者中降低HbA1c的疗效相似,这表明二甲双胍对于新治疗的T2D和CKD3患者是一种有价值的治疗方案

原文出处:

Gosmanov AR,  Gemoets DE,  Kaminsky LS,et al.Efficacy of metformin monotherapy in US veterans with type 2 diabetes and preexisting chronic kidney disease stage 3.Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 Aug;23(8)

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    2022-07-10 guojianrong
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    2022-04-08 一闲
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    2021-11-08 查查佳佳

    癌的早诊早治已成中国公共卫生和家庭

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