Lancet : 打破认知!多数人都需要,全球大规模的康复治疗分析:24亿人从中受益,腰背痛最为普遍

2020-12-31 阿司匹林 iNature

康复治疗通常被视为只有少数人需要的针对残疾的服务。尽管康复治疗具有个人和社会效益,但在某些国家,康复工作尚未得到优先重视,而且资源不足。

康复治疗通常被视为只有少数人需要的针对残疾的服务。尽管康复治疗具有个人和社会效益,但在某些国家,康复工作尚未得到优先重视,而且资源不足。

世界卫生组织Alarcos Cieza等人在国际顶级医学期刊Lancet 在线发表题为“Global estimates of the need for rehabilitation based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019”的研究论文,该研究使用了《 2019年全球疾病,伤害和危险因素研究》中的数据来计算25种疾病,残障或后遗症的累积病残率(YLD)的患病率和寿命被选为适合康复的人。所有分析均在国家层面进行,然后汇总到七个地区:高收入国家和世卫组织的六个地区(即非洲,美洲,东南亚,欧洲,东地中海和西太平洋)。

该研究发现,在2019年全球范围内,有24.1亿人可以从康复中受益,从而为3.1亿个YLD做出了贡献。从1990年到2019年,这一数字增加了63%。在区域上,西太平洋地区对康复服务的需求最高。在分析的204个国家中的134个国家,腰背痛是最普遍的疾病。

总之,这是第一项对康复服务需求进行全球评估的研究,并表明世界上每三个人中至少有一个人在生病或受伤的某个时候需要康复。这个数字与只有少数人需要的康复服务的普遍观点相反。该研究认为,康复必须作为初级卫生保健不可或缺的一部分带到社区,以覆盖更多有需要的人。

世界人口正在老龄化,患有非传染性疾病和伤害后果的人数正在增加。当前的人口和健康变化正在导致残疾人或功能下降的人数迅速增加。

这些趋势应促使卫生政策制定者优先考虑康复服务。原因有几个,从本质上讲,康复是指由于老年人或健康状况(包括慢性疾病或失调,受伤或外伤)而受到日常身体,心理和社会功能限制的人所需要的一系列干预措施,因此,其范围非常广泛,具有多种潜在健康状况或健康障碍的人可能需要在疾病的某些阶段进行康复治疗。有证据表明,许多康复干预措施具有成本效益。

需要最少资源的低成本康复干预措施已有效地改善了低收入和中低收入国家不同健康状况下的功能结果,康复治疗可以改善患有不同慢性病的成年人和儿童的机能状况,例如控制痴呆症患者的认知能力下降,改善关节炎患者的运动能力并产生对脑瘫患儿的运动益处。康复治疗也有可能避免昂贵的住院和缩短住院时间。通过优化功能,康复治疗还可以支持个人参与先进的技术和数字解决方案,并且正越来越多地应用于康复治疗中。在线程序或辅助技术(例如助听器)已被全球数百万人成功使用。

然而,康复在各国尚未得到优先重视,资源仍然不足。这种情况不足为奇,因为通常将康复治疗视为预防,促进或治愈性干预措施失败时的后备策略,并且只有很少一部分人口需要针对残疾的服务。此外,康复治疗常常被错误地认为是主要在二级和三级护理水平上提供的昂贵的临床和专业服务。

为了估计康复的需求,该研究使用了《 2019年全球疾病,伤害和危险因素研究》中的数据来计算25种疾病,残障或后遗症的累积病残率(YLD)的患病率和寿命被选为适合康复的人。所有分析均在国家层面进行,然后汇总到七个地区:高收入国家和世卫组织的六个地区(即非洲,美洲,东南亚,欧洲,东地中海和西太平洋)。

该研究发现,在2019年全球范围内,有24.1亿人可以从康复中受益,从而为3.1亿个YLD做出了贡献。从1990年到2019年,这一数字增加了63%。在区域上,西太平洋地区对康复服务的需求最高。在分析的204个国家中的134个国家,腰背痛是最普遍的疾病。

总之,这是第一项对康复服务需求进行全球评估的研究,并表明世界上每三个人中至少有一个人在生病或受伤的某个时候需要康复。这个数字与只有少数人需要的康复服务的普遍观点相反。该研究认为,康复必须作为初级卫生保健不可或缺的一部分带到社区,以覆盖更多有需要的人。

原始出处:

Alarcos Cieza, Kate Causey, Kaloyan Kamenov ,et al.Global estimates of the need for rehabilitation based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet .2021 Dec 19;396(10267):2006-2017. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32340-0. Epub 2020 Dec 1.

 

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    2021-09-12 howi
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    2021-10-15 ylz8403
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    2020-12-31 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

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    2020-12-31 Jessie Zhang

    康复必须作为初级卫生保健不可或缺的一部分带到社区,以覆盖更多有需要的人。

    0

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