Alzheimer's & dementia : 膳食大豆的细菌代谢产物“马酚”可降低痴呆风险

2020-10-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

马酚补充剂可以和现有的以饮食为基础的预防策略结合起来,这些策略也许可以降低痴呆症的风险。

临床前研究表明大豆异黄酮(ISFs)具有抗动脉粥样硬化、抗氧化和抗淀粉样变的特性。日本最近的研究报告称,高大豆和ISFs饮食与认知障碍和痴呆发病率降低有关。然而,另一个关于妇女异黄酮大豆健康(WISH)的随机对照试验纳入350名美国绝经后妇女,结果显示显示ISFs对认知没有显著的影响。有研究者认为,日本和美国研究的差异部分是由于生产等分醇的能力不同。

最近一项针对日本老年人的横断面研究报告显示,生产马酚的人比不生产的人有更高的认知得分和更低的轻度认知障碍患病率。先前没有研究调查马酚生状态与脑中的白质病变(WML)或淀粉样蛋白(一种淀粉样蛋白)沉积之间的纵向关联,这两者都是认知能力下降和痴呆的重要预测因子。研究者假设,在认知正常的日本老年人中,能产生马酚的人比不能产生马酚的人有更低的WML和蛋白质沉积。

他们的研究发表在了Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions杂志上,报告称,产生马酚(某种肠道细菌产生的膳食大豆代谢物)的日本老年男性和女性,脑部白质病变的水平较低。

2016年至2018年,91名75岁至89岁认知正常的日本老年人使用11C-Pittsburgh compound-B进行了脑磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描。使用2008年至2012年保存的样本测定血清马酚。马酚产生者被定义为血清水平>0。生产者进一步分为高生产者(高于中位数)和低生产者(中位数)。然后6到9年后接受大脑成像检查,以检测白质病变和淀粉样蛋白沉积的水平,淀粉样蛋白被怀疑是阿尔茨海默氏症的分子成因。

参与者的基本特征

研究结果显示,中位(四分位范围)WML%为1.10(0.59至1.61);24.2%为完全阳性,51%为马酚产生者。马酚产生状态(非生产状态、低水平和高水平)与WML%呈显著负相关,分别为1.19、0.89和0.58(趋势P<0.01)。马酚产生的状态与Aβ无关。

在影像学研究前6 - 9WML%与马酚产生状态的关系

“白质病变是导致认知能力下降、痴呆和全因死亡的重要危险因素,”皮特公共卫生学院流行病学副教授、第一作者、医学博士赤川明(Akira Sekikawa)说。“我们发现不能产生马酚的人比能产生马酚的人多50%的白质病变,这是一个惊人的巨大影响。”

研究人员发现,虽然马酚的产生似乎没有影响大脑中淀粉样蛋白的沉积水平,但它与白质病变体积的减少有关。Sekikawa的团队还发现,当没有产生马酚时,高水平的异黄酮——代谢成马酚的大豆营养物质——对白质病变或淀粉样蛋白的水平没有影响。

根据Sekikawa的说法,从大豆异黄酮中产生马酚可能是富含大豆的饮食具有保护性健康益处的关键,他的团队之前已经表明,马酚的产生与较低的心脏病风险有关。由于心脏病与认知能力下降和痴呆密切相关,因此雌马酚的产生可以帮助保护老化的大脑和心脏。

在日本,人们经常食用大豆,流行病学研究表明,饮食中摄入大豆异黄酮可以降低患心脏病和痴呆的风险。然而,美国的大多数临床试验都未能证明这一点。Sekikawa认为这种差异可能是由于微生物群——40-70%的日本肠道细菌可以将饮食中的异黄酮转化为马酚,而美国只有20-30%。

Sekikawa说,也许有一天,马酚补充剂可以和现有的以饮食为基础的预防策略结合起来,这些策略也许可以降低痴呆症的风险。尽管Sekikawa希望在未来的随机临床试验中评估马酚补充剂的神经保护作用,但与此同时,他提醒那些可能想要购买马酚补充剂来延缓痴呆的人要谨慎。他说:“这类研究总是能引起人们的注意,但在得到充分证据的随机临床试验之前,我们不能证明马酚能预防痴呆。

参考文献:Akira Sekikawa et al. Associations of equol‐producing status with white matter lesion and amyloid‐β deposition in cognitively normal elderly Japanese. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 2020 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12089。

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    2020-10-28 zhaojie88
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1717974, encodeId=87d91e1797453, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8f0658433a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#dementia#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5843, encryptionId=8f0658433a, topicName=dementia)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=307e32501717, createdName=linlin2323, createdTime=Tue Jan 12 10:12:52 CST 2021, time=2021-01-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316760, encodeId=13d01316e60ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3d0e121576' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71215, encryptionId=d3d0e121576, topicName=痴呆风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a98f453, createdName=pcw106, createdTime=Wed Oct 28 04:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350433, encodeId=5cbb13504337c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Oct 28 04:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513474, encodeId=89a515134e471, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8e4b2540671' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#代谢产物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25406, encryptionId=8e4b2540671, topicName=代谢产物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e1510553828, createdName=124987c6m39暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Oct 28 04:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=894565, encodeId=348d89456517, content=膳食大豆的细菌代谢产物“马酚”可降低<a href='/topic/show?id=18b3e120514' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆#</a>风险,偶尔吃一下纳豆应该不错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=273, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71205, encryptionId=18b3e120514, topicName=痴呆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Mon Oct 26 17:12:27 CST 2020, time=2020-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048680, encodeId=3d151048680ea, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Mon Oct 26 16:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=894549, encodeId=694b89454952, content=饮食多样化可以减少AD的风险<a href='/topic/show?id=bdb78016436' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#老年性痴呆#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=185, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80164, encryptionId=bdb78016436, topicName=老年性痴呆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210607/9f00a0de660e4b36b77a9a5f7620d6bf/98c22b17ddf7446fa7b9a618fabcb9f7.jpg, createdBy=a8fb2299762, createdName=Psycho.Dr Du, createdTime=Mon Oct 26 16:12:08 CST 2020, time=2020-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1717974, encodeId=87d91e1797453, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8f0658433a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#dementia#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5843, encryptionId=8f0658433a, topicName=dementia)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=307e32501717, createdName=linlin2323, createdTime=Tue Jan 12 10:12:52 CST 2021, time=2021-01-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316760, encodeId=13d01316e60ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3d0e121576' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71215, encryptionId=d3d0e121576, topicName=痴呆风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a98f453, createdName=pcw106, createdTime=Wed Oct 28 04:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350433, encodeId=5cbb13504337c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Oct 28 04:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513474, encodeId=89a515134e471, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8e4b2540671' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#代谢产物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25406, encryptionId=8e4b2540671, topicName=代谢产物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e1510553828, createdName=124987c6m39暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Oct 28 04:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=894565, encodeId=348d89456517, content=膳食大豆的细菌代谢产物“马酚”可降低<a href='/topic/show?id=18b3e120514' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆#</a>风险,偶尔吃一下纳豆应该不错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=273, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71205, encryptionId=18b3e120514, topicName=痴呆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Mon Oct 26 17:12:27 CST 2020, time=2020-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048680, encodeId=3d151048680ea, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Mon Oct 26 16:12:52 CST 2020, time=2020-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=894549, encodeId=694b89454952, content=饮食多样化可以减少AD的风险<a href='/topic/show?id=bdb78016436' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#老年性痴呆#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=185, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80164, encryptionId=bdb78016436, topicName=老年性痴呆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210607/9f00a0de660e4b36b77a9a5f7620d6bf/98c22b17ddf7446fa7b9a618fabcb9f7.jpg, createdBy=a8fb2299762, createdName=Psycho.Dr Du, createdTime=Mon Oct 26 16:12:08 CST 2020, time=2020-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-10-26 Jessica

    膳食大豆的细菌代谢产物“马酚”可降低#痴呆#风险,偶尔吃一下纳豆应该不错。

    0

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    2020-10-26 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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    2020-10-26 Psycho.Dr Du

    饮食多样化可以减少AD的风险#老年性痴呆#

    0

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Alzheimer's & Dementia:WHICAP队列研究显示,维生素D摄入量与痴呆症风险相关

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Neurology :不食人间烟火真的好吗?对周遭事物不感兴趣的人更易患老年痴呆症

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Neurology:暴击!新研究揭示:站起来会头晕的人,患痴呆症风险更大

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Alzheimers Dement :复旦大学研究,每晚睡6-7小时可预防痴呆,10点睡效果理想

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