Nature:肠道细菌产生神经递质左右大脑决策

2020-06-19 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肠道细菌产生的一种神经递质模拟了同源宿主分子的功能,以推翻宿主对感觉决定的控制,从而促进宿主和微生物的共存。

动物与复杂的各种生物群落共存于共生、病原体或互生关系中,包括微生物。一些细菌产生的生物活性神经递质,先前已被发现可以调节宿主的神经系统活动和行为。然而,至今为止,这种微生物群-大脑信号的机制基础及其生理相关性在很大程度上是未知的。

最近,研究人员发现,在线虫的肠道中,存在普罗维登西亚细菌,其可以产生神经调节剂酪胺,并绕过宿主的酪胺生物合成,操纵宿主的感觉决定。

细菌产生的酪胺可能被宿主酪胺β-羟化酶转化为辛巴胺。辛巴胺则靶向ASH痛觉神经元上的OCTR-1辛巴胺受体,以调节厌恶性嗅觉反应。

研究人员还确定了普罗维登西亚菌中酪胺生物合成所需的基因,并表明这些基因对宿主行为的调控是必要的。

进一步的研究发现,含有普罗维登西亚细菌的线虫在食物选择试验中优先选择这些细菌,这种选择偏差需要细菌产生的酪胺和宿主八胺信号的参与。

因此,该研究结果表明,肠道细菌产生的一种神经递质模拟了同源宿主分子的功能,以推翻宿主对感觉决定的控制,从而促进宿主和微生物的共存。

 

原始出处:

Michael P. O’Donnell et al. A neurotransmitter produced by gut bacteria modulates host sensory behaviour, Nature (2020). 

 

 

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    2020-08-27 14818eb4m67暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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