世卫组织:尚无证据表明新冠抗体可使人免受“二次感染”

2020-04-26 沈忠浩 新华网

世界卫生组织25日发布的每日疫情报告说,迄今尚无证据表明拥有新冠抗体的康复者可免于“二次感染”。

世界卫生组织25日发布的每日疫情报告说,迄今尚无证据表明拥有新冠抗体的康复者可免于“二次感染”。

世卫组织指出,通过自然感染对病原体产生免疫是一个多步骤过程,通常需要1至2周。感染病毒时,人体首先出现非特异性的固有免疫应答,巨噬细胞、嗜中性粒细胞和树突状细胞可减慢病毒感染进程,甚至阻止症状出现。在此之后,人体出现适应性免疫应答,产生与病毒特异性结合的抗体,即免疫球蛋白;还会产生T细胞,识别和清除受感染细胞,即细胞免疫。

世卫组织说,如果适应性免疫应答足够强,则可以阻止病情发展为重症,或防止同一病毒的“二次感染”。迄今大多数研究表明,新冠康复者体内拥有新冠病毒抗体,但其中一些人血液中的抗体水平非常低。由此推断,细胞免疫可能对病人的康复也至关重要。

世卫组织强调,截至4月24日,尚无研究对新冠病毒抗体是否赋予人类对该病毒的免疫力进行评估。此外,对人体内新冠病毒抗体的实验室检测需要进一步验证,以确定检测的准确性和可靠性。

针对一些国家政府建议将抗体检测作为发放“免疫护照”或“无风险证书”的基础,从而允许持证人能够出行或恢复工作,世卫组织认为,没有足够证据证明抗体介导免疫的有效性,进而无法保证此类证书的准确性。

世卫组织警告,那些检测显示拥有抗体的人们也许自认为可免于“二次感染”,进而忽略公共卫生建议。因此,使用此类证书可能增加病毒继续传播的风险。

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    2020-04-28 wxl882001

    了解一下

    0

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    2020-04-26 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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