Cochrane Database Syst Rev:沙丁胺醇防治早产儿慢性肺病证据不足

2012-08-01 不详 网络

早产儿常发生慢性肺病。已有研究证实,对患有慢性肺病的早产儿使用支气管扩张剂能够增加顺应性和潮气量及降低肺阻力。因此,支气管扩张剂可能有预防和治疗慢性肺病的作用。 为了评估支气管扩张剂预防和治疗早产儿慢性肺病的价值,以及降低死亡风险和其他早产并发症的疗效。作者检索文献查找到符合以下标准的早产儿随机对照试验:预防慢性肺病,在早产儿出生2周内开始应用支气管扩张剂;治疗慢性肺病,从新生儿出院前开

早产儿常发生慢性肺病。已有研究证实,对患有慢性肺病的早产儿使用支气管扩张剂能够增加顺应性和潮气量及降低肺阻力。因此,支气管扩张剂可能有预防和治疗慢性肺病的作用。
 
为了评估支气管扩张剂预防和治疗早产儿慢性肺病的价值,以及降低死亡风险和其他早产并发症的疗效。作者检索文献查找到符合以下标准的早产儿随机对照试验:预防慢性肺病,在早产儿出生2周内开始应用支气管扩张剂;治疗慢性肺病,从新生儿出院前开始用药;给药途径包括:雾化吸入、计量吸入器吸入、静脉注射或口服支气管扩张剂;与安慰剂或无干预比较。符合条件的研究必须包括至少1个预定义的临床结局:死亡率、慢性肺病、吸氧治疗天数、机械通气天数、动脉导管未闭(PDA)、间质性肺气肿(PIE)、气胸、任何级别的脑室内出血(IVH)、坏死性肠炎(NEC)、败血症和支气管扩张剂的副作用。支气管扩张剂的副作用包括低血钾、心动过速、心律不齐、震颤、高血压和高血糖。

结果共纳入4项随机对照试验。1项研究显示,使用沙丁胺醇能够预防慢性肺病(n=173);未发现沙丁胺醇能够治疗慢性肺病。预防性使用沙丁胺醇在降低死亡率或治疗慢性肺病方面均未表现出统计学显著差异[(RR,1.08;95%CI,0.50~2.31;RD,0.01;95%CI,-0.09~0.11)、(RR,1.03;95%CI,0.78~1.37;RD,0.02;95%CI,-0.13~0.17)]。在治疗慢性肺病或早产相关并发症方面亦无显著统计学差异。

作者总结认为,尚无足够证据证实沙丁胺醇能够预防慢性肺病。有必要开展进一步临床试验来评估沙丁胺醇或其他支气管扩张剂在预防或治疗慢性肺病中的作用 

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    2012-11-18 amy0559
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    2012-08-03 bbjsj_1981

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Lancet:沙丁胺醇增加ARDS患者死亡率

英国华威大学的Fang Gao Smith博士等近日在《柳叶刀》(The Lancet)杂志发表文章称,沙丁胺醇可增加急性呼吸窘迫综合症(ARDS)的死亡率。 这项已经停止的名为BALTI-2的临床试验称,在气管插管和机械通气的患者中,静脉输注沙丁胺醇组28天死亡率为34%,高于安慰机组的23%。分析结果表明,每9.2名使用β2受体阻滞剂的ARDS患者,将有一名患者因用药而死亡。 此前,名为B