JAMA子刊:放心打!HPV疫苗接种后感染力长期持续下降!

2021-08-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

宫颈癌是全球女性最常见的癌症之一。

宫颈癌是全球女性最常见的癌症之一。仅2012年,与人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)相关的癌症新发病例为63万例,其中53万例(84%)确诊为宫颈癌。约26.6万名宫颈癌的妇女因癌症死亡,占全球妇女癌症相关死亡人数的8%。

根据世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构(IARC)最新数据,2020年,全球超过60万女性被新诊断为宫颈癌,超过34万女性被宫颈癌夺走生命。目前世界卫生组织对HPV免疫接种的建议是优先接种9-14岁未发生性行为的女孩。

为此,截止2019年,已有124个国家将HPV疫苗接种政策纳入国家免疫计划。自2016年6月起,韩国疾病预防控制局也推出了针对12-13岁青春期少女的二价或四价HPV疫苗的两剂计划。在该计划实施第一年,适龄女性第一剂HPV疫苗覆盖率为61.5%,而到2018年,该覆盖率已提高到87.2%。

尽管HPV疫苗在全球范围内被广泛使用,但人们对HPV疫苗接种安全性的担忧一直存在,而证实对疫苗相关严重不良事件的担忧削弱了公众对免疫接种的信心。为此,今年年初发表在最新的《英国医学杂志》(BMJ)上的亚洲人群大样本数据表明,HPV接种是安全的,并未产生严重的不良反应。

为了确定疫苗接种后的长期有效性,来自美国艾伯特·爱因斯坦医学院的专家开展了一项前瞻性真实世界研究,旨在为HPV疫苗的有效性带来强有力证据。结果发表在近期的JAMA Network Open杂志上。

这项类型特异性宫颈HPV检测的队列研究于2007年10月至2019年9月在纽约市一家大型针对青少年的综合健康中心进行。获得了接受HPV疫苗接种后的12年的参与者数据。主要结果是衡量年龄调整后疫苗接种后HPV感染率的时间相关性。

最终共有1453名参与者,基线检查时的平均年龄(SD)为18.2(1.4)岁,被纳入该队列(无西班牙裔的非裔美国人,515名[35.4%]参与者;有拉美裔的非裔美国人,218名[15.0%]参与者;没有种族报道的西班牙裔,637名(43.8%)参与者)。大约一半(694名[47.8%]参与者)在有性生活前接种了疫苗。

结果显示,四价疫苗类型(HPV-6、HPV-11、HPV-16和HPV-18)和相关类型(HPV-31和HPV-45)的年龄调整后检出率逐年下降。具体说来,感染率从2008-2010年的9.1%下降到2017-2019年的4.7%。在首次性行为前接种疫苗的人群中,疫苗的保护效果更明显,四种HPV亚型检出率从8.8%下降到1.7%。其中,在有性生活前接种过疫苗的个体中观察到的效应最大,可降低19%(OR=0.81;95%CI:0.67-0.98)。

在接种疫苗后,按年份划分的宫颈和肛门HPV年龄标准化患病率

相比之下,非疫苗高危型宫颈HPV(OR=1.08;95%CI:1.04-1.13)和肛门HPV类型(OR=1.11;95%CI:1.05-1.17)的检出率逐年上升,其中以非疫苗型HPV-56和HPV-68的影响最大。

由此可见,在接种四价HPV疫苗后,疫苗覆盖及交叉保护的高危HPV亚型感染率逐年减少;而与之形成鲜明对比的是,非疫苗覆盖的HPV亚型感染率却在攀升。

 

参考文献:

Incidence and Types of Human Papillomavirus Infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women Immunized With the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. JAMA Netw Open, doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21893

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1946287, encodeId=231a194628e20, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e1c9083cc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HPV疫苗接种#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9083, encryptionId=0e1c9083cc, topicName=HPV疫苗接种)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=606c2500035, createdName=ms3153534357578991, createdTime=Wed Jun 29 13:04:14 CST 2022, time=2022-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1258084, encodeId=35441258084b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f538e0501e9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疫苗接种#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70501, encryptionId=f538e0501e9, topicName=疫苗接种)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c0050, createdName=lishiwen, createdTime=Sun Aug 29 05:04:14 CST 2021, time=2021-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1012173, encodeId=63b410121e32b, content=疫苗有用啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f221859736, createdName=ms2658711348342440, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 21:46:28 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036806, encodeId=f24a10368068a, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 17:04:14 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1012075, encodeId=57c810120e555, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=b3545492917, createdName=smart Ren, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 15:36:47 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-27 ms2658711348342440

    疫苗有用啊

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1946287, encodeId=231a194628e20, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e1c9083cc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HPV疫苗接种#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9083, encryptionId=0e1c9083cc, topicName=HPV疫苗接种)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=606c2500035, createdName=ms3153534357578991, createdTime=Wed Jun 29 13:04:14 CST 2022, time=2022-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1258084, encodeId=35441258084b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f538e0501e9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疫苗接种#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70501, encryptionId=f538e0501e9, topicName=疫苗接种)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c0050, createdName=lishiwen, createdTime=Sun Aug 29 05:04:14 CST 2021, time=2021-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1012173, encodeId=63b410121e32b, content=疫苗有用啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f221859736, createdName=ms2658711348342440, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 21:46:28 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036806, encodeId=f24a10368068a, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 17:04:14 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1012075, encodeId=57c810120e555, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=b3545492917, createdName=smart Ren, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 15:36:47 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-27 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1946287, encodeId=231a194628e20, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0e1c9083cc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HPV疫苗接种#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9083, encryptionId=0e1c9083cc, topicName=HPV疫苗接种)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=606c2500035, createdName=ms3153534357578991, createdTime=Wed Jun 29 13:04:14 CST 2022, time=2022-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1258084, encodeId=35441258084b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f538e0501e9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疫苗接种#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70501, encryptionId=f538e0501e9, topicName=疫苗接种)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c0050, createdName=lishiwen, createdTime=Sun Aug 29 05:04:14 CST 2021, time=2021-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1012173, encodeId=63b410121e32b, content=疫苗有用啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f221859736, createdName=ms2658711348342440, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 21:46:28 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036806, encodeId=f24a10368068a, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 17:04:14 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1012075, encodeId=57c810120e555, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=b3545492917, createdName=smart Ren, createdTime=Fri Aug 27 15:36:47 CST 2021, time=2021-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-27 smart Ren

    学习了

    0

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Lancet子刊:放心打!85万人数据提示HPV疫苗接种后很安全!

该研究并不支持HPV疫苗接种会增加非特异性感染性疾病的风险。

BMJ:HPV疫苗接种的严重不良事件风险研究

在对50万剂HPV疫苗接种人群的随访研究后发现,没有明确的证据支持HPV疫苗接种可导致严重不良事件风险增加