JGH: 胃黏膜萎缩程度与早期胃癌内镜下黏膜下剥离术出血有关

2022-05-16 xuyihan MedSci原创

胃萎缩有一定几率会导致胃癌,胃萎缩主要是因为胃黏膜及其腺体出现萎缩的表现,主要表现是胃镜下胃部红白相间,以白为主,而且有血管显露。

胃癌的产生往往是因为幽门螺旋杆菌感染引起的萎缩性胃炎而造成的,晚期胃癌的预后很差,但是如果胃癌被早期发现则预后则可以很好的改善。内窥镜粘膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗早期胃癌已经很普遍,并显示出令人满意的效果。

然而,ESD术后出血仍然是一个严重的、威胁生命的事件,特别是在服用抗血栓药物的病人和那些患有癌症的病人中这样的现象更为严重。以前的研究发现,质子泵抑制剂在预防出血方面比组胺受体拮抗剂更有效。在日本,95%以上的胃癌与幽门螺杆菌感染有关。在根除幽门螺杆菌后,胃酸分泌能力的恢复可能取决于根除时的萎缩程度。

因此,研究人员推测ESD后出血的风险可能因胃粘膜萎缩程度和幽门螺杆菌感染状况而异。本研究旨在根据幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)感染状态阐明 ESD 后出血与胃黏膜萎缩程度之间的关系。

为此,研究人员纳入了 2013 年 11 月至 2016 年 10 月在日本 33 家医院因早期胃癌接受 ESD 的 8170 名患者。胃粘膜萎缩的程度是用Kimura-Takem进行评估的,C1-O1为非严重萎缩组(非SA组),O2-O3为严重萎缩组(SA组)。幽门螺杆菌感染状况是通过尿素呼吸试验来评估的。研究者分析了导致 ESD 后出血的危险因素。

研究结果显示本项研究纳入幽门螺杆菌阳性患者3935例,幽门螺杆菌阴性患者4235例。非严重程度的胃黏膜萎缩是幽门螺杆菌阴性患者 ESD 后出血的独立危险因素(优势比:1.51,P= 0.007),但不是幽门螺杆菌阳性患者的危险因素(优势比:0.91,P= 0.600)。此外,在幽门螺杆菌阴性但不是幽门螺杆菌阳性的患者中,继续使用抗血栓药物的患者、停止使用抗血栓药物的患者和不使用抗血栓药物的患者的 ESD 后出血率逐步增加。

图:不同胃粘膜猥琐程度对于出血的影响

 

本项研究证实非严重的胃黏膜萎缩是幽门螺杆菌阴性患者早期胃癌ESD后出血的危险因素,而幽门螺杆菌阳性患者则不然。

 

原始出处:

Yoshito Hayashi. Et al. The degree of mucosal atrophy is associated with post-endoscopic submucosal dissection bleeding in early gastric cancer. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022.

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    2022-12-08 chendoc252
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    2023-03-31 baoya
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    2022-05-17 snowpeakxu

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