Sci Rep:要降低代谢综合征风险,摄入哪种&多少蛋白质都有讲究!

2021-10-06 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

不同膳食蛋白来源与代谢综合征的长期关联

代谢综合征 (METS) 的特点是以下五种异常中至少三种:空腹血糖受损、中央肥胖、低密度脂蛋白 (HDL-C)、甘油三酯 (TG) 水平升高和高血压随着生活水平的提升,METS流行率在过去几十年中在全世界范围内迅速增长生活方式的改变,包括身体活动和饮食变化在METS的管理中起着至关重要的作用高蛋白饮食可以通过对体重/组成、血脂异常、葡萄糖不耐受和高血压的有益影响来降低患各种慢性疾病的风险虽然不少研究报告了不同膳食蛋白质类型(包括红肉、鱼、乳制品、坚果和豆类)与METS之间的关系,但在这方面,很少有纵向研究。

本研究旨在确定伊朗成年人大样本中不同类型的膳食蛋白质的来源与METS发病率的纵向关联。本研究假设来自不同来源(动物或植物)的膳食蛋白质与METS事件风险的关系不同。

本研究覆盖4163人,其中1869名(45%) 有METS。参与者的总体特征见表1。METS的受试者年龄较大,身体活动水平较低,HDL-C 较低,但 BMI、WC、SBP、DBP、TC、LDL-C、TG 和 FBG 较高。

根据 MetS 的有无以及数据收集年份对参与者的饮食摄入量汇总在表2。2001年,患有MetS 的人食用了更多的家禽,坚果,水果和蔬菜。2007年,非氢化植物油的摄入在MetS患者中更为频繁。2007 年和 2013 年,MetS 患者吃鸡蛋的频率较低。2013 年,患MetS 的参与者中水果和蔬菜消费更为频繁,而甜饮料消费则较少。

表3为METS和膳食蛋白质摄入频率的粗比值和多变量调整的比值。总蛋白质消耗频率与模型中MetS机率降低17%有关(OR 0.83;95%CI 0.81+0.85)。校正混淆因素后只稍微改变了关联 (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.81+ 0.87) 。

在动物蛋白方面,消费频率的每个额外增量都与MetS风险降低20%相关(OR 0.80;95%CI 0.77-0.83)。校正混淆因素不改变关联(OR 0.80;95% CI 0.78-0.85)。MetS风险和红肉(OR 0.74;95%CI 0.70-0.78)、家禽(OR 0.73;95%CI 0.68-0.78)和鸡蛋(OR 0.79;95%CI 0.72-0.88)的食用频率之间显著反向关联。校正混淆因素,MetS风险与红肉(OR0.81;95%CI 0.75-0.87)、家禽(OR0.78;95%CI 0.72-0.85)和鸡蛋(OR0.89;95%CI 0.80-0.98)的关联几乎不变。关于加工肉类消费频率的每次增加都与METS的机率降低有关。然而,校正混淆因素后关联消失(OR0.96;95%CI 0.87-1.01)。

植物蛋白消费频率与METS发生率间显著反向关联(OR 0.70;95%CI 0.64-0.76)。每次增加坚果和种子消费,METS发生率降低23%(OR0.77;95%CI 0.71-0.84)。豆类和大豆消费与METS发生率成反比(OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.75-0.90)。然而,在对混淆因素进行校正后,该关联不再显著(OR 0.96;95% CI 0.86-1.07)。

与整体人口相似,在男性和女性中,在METS的发生率和总、动植物蛋白质消耗频率之间观察到明显的反向关联。校正混淆因素后并没有改变这些关联。关于不同的蛋白质来源,红肉、家禽、鸡蛋、坚果和种子以及豆类和大豆消耗频率的每个增量都与男性和女性的METS风险较低有关。然而,对协变量的调整导致鸡蛋之于女性和坚果和种子之于男性,没有显著的关联。无论是男性还是女性,豆类和大豆与met负相关在混杂因素调整后不再显著。在加工肉类方面,METS的发生率与女性的消费频率之间存在显著的反向关联,而男性则没有。然而,在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后,相关性不再显著。无论是男性还是女性,鱼和奶制品都与METS无关。

在本次大样本进行的前瞻性队列研究中,总、动植物蛋白质消耗频率的每个额外增量都与MetS的机率较低有关。即使对潜在的混淆者进行了调整,这些结果在统计学上仍然具有重大意义,而且男女之间没有显著差异。这项研究是最早研究不同膳食蛋白来源与METS发病率的关系的研究之一。

总之,本次研究研究提供了证据,表明高危的METS受试者可能受益于增加膳食摄入总量蛋白质,动物和植物蛋白。与女性相比,男性的这些关联略强,但差别并不大。

原文来源:

Parisa Hajihashemi, et al. The long‑term association of diferent dietary protein sources with metabolic syndrome

Scientifc Reports | (2021) 11:19394 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98688-0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1765910, encodeId=87ab1e65910e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=252ae1803a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71803, encryptionId=252ae1803a3, topicName=白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Fri Dec 17 08:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297142, encodeId=26c0129e142a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Oct 08 07:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432155, encodeId=7c321432155c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Fri Oct 08 07:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058403, encodeId=c70e10584039d, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b3395627178, createdName=ms2000000692837044, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 16:13:50 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058337, encodeId=d183105833ed3, content=谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc4d2208236, createdName=老龙一点, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 14:25:29 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058278, encodeId=7b6110582e8cf, content=你明明, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 10:32:14 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058234, encodeId=c5e310582340f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210804/5785b262ac614e2787c8b09e8d8ae840/5cf1162cd10d42bc817ae4b32662d7f8.jpg, createdBy=c27d4938136, createdName=小小的丁香花, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 07:29:39 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-07 ms2000000692837044

    学习了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1765910, encodeId=87ab1e65910e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=252ae1803a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71803, encryptionId=252ae1803a3, topicName=白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Fri Dec 17 08:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297142, encodeId=26c0129e142a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Oct 08 07:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432155, encodeId=7c321432155c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Fri Oct 08 07:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058403, encodeId=c70e10584039d, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b3395627178, createdName=ms2000000692837044, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 16:13:50 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058337, encodeId=d183105833ed3, content=谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc4d2208236, createdName=老龙一点, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 14:25:29 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058278, encodeId=7b6110582e8cf, content=你明明, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 10:32:14 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058234, encodeId=c5e310582340f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210804/5785b262ac614e2787c8b09e8d8ae840/5cf1162cd10d42bc817ae4b32662d7f8.jpg, createdBy=c27d4938136, createdName=小小的丁香花, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 07:29:39 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-07 老龙一点

    谢谢

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1765910, encodeId=87ab1e65910e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=252ae1803a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71803, encryptionId=252ae1803a3, topicName=白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Fri Dec 17 08:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297142, encodeId=26c0129e142a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Oct 08 07:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432155, encodeId=7c321432155c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Fri Oct 08 07:24:19 CST 2021, time=2021-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058403, encodeId=c70e10584039d, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b3395627178, createdName=ms2000000692837044, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 16:13:50 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058337, encodeId=d183105833ed3, content=谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc4d2208236, createdName=老龙一点, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 14:25:29 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058278, encodeId=7b6110582e8cf, content=你明明, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 10:32:14 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1058234, encodeId=c5e310582340f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210804/5785b262ac614e2787c8b09e8d8ae840/5cf1162cd10d42bc817ae4b32662d7f8.jpg, createdBy=c27d4938136, createdName=小小的丁香花, createdTime=Thu Oct 07 07:29:39 CST 2021, time=2021-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-07 查查佳佳

    你明明

    0

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    2021-10-07 小小的丁香花

    学习了

    0

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