Br J Cancer:BRAF V600E突变型结直肠癌患者的耐药性相关研究

2020-11-23 xiaozeng MedSci原创

结直肠癌(CRC)作为全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,在2018年全球有近900,000人死于该疾病。在初步诊断中,约有25%的患者出现癌症的转移,而所有患者中的50%会在疾病期间发生转移。约8-15%的

结直肠癌(CRC)作为全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,在2018年全球有近900,000人死于该疾病。在初步诊断中,约有25%的患者出现癌症的转移,而所有患者中的50%会在疾病期间发生转移。约8-15%的转移性CRC患者携带BRAFV600E突变,这也使得患者出现标准化疗失败和预后不良。

BRAF基因编码丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,这是MAPK信号转导通路的一部分。异常激活突变型BRAF能够通过磷酸化下游MEK1/2蛋白介导该信号转导通路,MEK1/2随后通过磷酸化ERK1/2激酶,最终导致驱动细胞增殖和存活的基因进行转录。


BRAFV600E突变是不同类型肿瘤中最常见的突变,其蛋白第600位缬氨酸被替换为谷氨酸。目前已针对BRAFV600E突变型转移性结直肠癌患者制定了抑制BRAF与EGFR的联合治疗策略,但内在的和继发性耐药仍然是该治疗策略的一大挑战。该研究旨在调查在接受BRAF和EGFR抑制剂治疗的患者中,哪些遗传学改变会引起患者的内在的无应答和/或获得性耐药。

患者和治疗组的抗肿瘤活性(包括最佳反应和进展时间以及突变特征)

该研究作为一项队列研究,主要分析了MAPK通路抑制剂治疗的BRAFV600E突变型晚期结直肠癌患者的遗传改变。研究人员分别在基线、治疗期间和肿瘤进展过程中检查了肿瘤组织的遗传学改变。


该队列共包括37名患者。研究人员发现,EGFR和PIK3CA的遗传学改变与患者的无应答相关。相比于药物应答患者(46%),有更大一部分无应答患者(75%)在TP53、APC或BRAF以外的其他基因中具有至少一种遗传改变。在PI3K通路(n = 6)和受体酪氨酸激酶(n = 4)中最常观察到继发性耐药型突变(n=16),并导致上游信号增加。

每个治疗组在使用MAPK抑制剂治疗期间获得突变的饼状图

综上,该研究显示,PI3K和受体酪氨酸激酶的遗传学改变与内在和获得性耐药相关。通过分析这些改变,该研究提出,同时或交替使用靶向抑制剂治疗或可改善药物的持续时间。


原始出处:

Huijberts, S.C.F.A., Boelens, M.C., Bernards, R. et al. Mutational profiles associated with resistance in patients with BRAFV600E mutant colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab and encorafenib +/- binimetinib or alpelisib. Br J Cancer (18 November 2020).

 



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    2020-11-26 咻凡

    该研究显示,PI3K和受体酪氨酸激酶的遗传学改变与内在和获得性耐药相关。通过分析这些改变,该研究提出,同时或交替使用靶向抑制剂治疗或可改善药物的持续时间。

    0

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    2020-11-25 zhaojie88
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