Nature:抗药性的干细胞的存在是急性骨髓性白血病复发的原因

2017-06-30 MedSci MedSci原创

这一项研究指出,未来对于急性骨髓性白血病的治疗,需要继续深究复发的细胞的起源,以及其功能和转录的特性,针对其具有干细胞性质,强调开发新的治疗方法,靶向阻止以预防复发。

在急性骨髓性白血病中,长期生存率差,大多数患者虽然在用药后症状得到缓解然而复发的概率还是很高。根据以前的研究结果,治疗失败被认为是由于由于化疗药物诱导癌细胞产生耐药性的突变。然而,其他证据也指出在给药之前已经存在了耐药细胞。例如,通过配对比较诊断前和复发急性骨髓性白血病样本后,深度测序提供了直接证据:复发的癌细胞是由源自于在化疗前已经存在的具有相同遗传基因的亚克隆细胞,表明抗药性细胞是在治疗过程前由进化过程所产生的并且通过治疗过程来选择。然而,治疗失败和白血病复发癌细胞的再生能力的机制仍然是模糊的,

在最近的一期的Nature杂志中,Liran I. Shlush及其同事这里,通过配对比较在诊断后(用药前)和复发后(用药后)的肿瘤细胞,确定了在诊断后用药前已经存在了具有耐药性的细胞,并且发现了两种主要的复发模式。在一些情况下,癌细胞复发的起源源自于具有造血功能的罕见的白血病癌细胞的干细胞,而在其他情况下,癌细胞复发的起源是来自已经表现出分化后免疫细胞表型白血病细胞,但其保留了原本的干细胞转录特征。通过移植嫁接这些癌症干细胞到其他实验小鼠,发现这类细胞能够产生对于药物的抗药性。

这一项研究指出,未来对于急性骨髓性白血病的治疗,需要继续深究复发的细胞的起源,以及其功能和转录的特性,针对其具有干细胞性质,强调开发新的治疗方法,靶向阻止以预防复发。

原始出处:
Liran I. Shlush et al. Tracing the origins of relapse in acute myeloid leukaemia to stem cells. Nature (2017) doi:10.1038/nature22993

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    2018-04-22 liye789132251
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    2017-07-01 songbq
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