JAMA:葡萄球菌菌血症的两种抗生素治疗途径:设定流程治疗vs常规治疗

2018-09-28 郑海珍(江西省中医院) 信诺医讯

葡萄球菌是常见的的血液感染病源,但其抗生素治疗的最佳疗程尚未明确。本项在美国和西班牙开展的多中心随机对照非盲性试验,旨在对比针对葡萄球菌菌血症的两种抗生素治疗途径的疗效和安全性。

葡萄球菌是常见的的血液感染病源,但其抗生素治疗的最佳疗程尚未明确。本项在美国和西班牙开展的多中心随机对照非盲性试验,旨在对比针对葡萄球菌菌血症的两种抗生素治疗途径的疗效和安全性。两种途径分别是:设定流程治疗,通过临床特征对感染进行标准化的评估分类后预先设定抗生素的选择和疗程;常规治疗,根据主治医生的判断决定抗生素的选择和疗程。

试验在6年间纳入≥18岁、至少一次金黄色葡萄球菌或凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌血培养阳性、非复杂感染的患者,随机分配至设定流程治疗组(n=255)或常规治疗组(n=254)。金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症者随访至疗程结束后42天,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌血症者随访至疗程结束后28天。主要结局包括(1)临床成功率,由盲态的审判委员会判定,非劣效边界为15%;(2)意向治疗患者的严重不良事件,评估优效性。次要结局为统计符合方案集、简单无并发症的菌血症患者使用抗生素的天数。

结果显示,480例患者完成了试验。设定流程治疗组的临床成功率不逊于常规治疗组(82.0% vs 81.5%; 差别, 0.5% [单侧97.5% CI, -6.2%至∞]),两组严重不良事件无统计学差异(32.5% vs 28.3%,差别, 4.2% [95% CI, -3.8%至12.2%]),设定流程治疗组的次要结局显着低于常规治疗组(4.4 vs 6.2, 差别,-1.8天[95%CI,-3.1至-0.6])。

本研究表明,设定流程治疗葡萄球菌菌血症成年患者的临床成功率不逊于常规治疗,严重不良事件发生率组间无显着差别,但过宽的可信区间使得对安全性方面的解读受限,未来研究还需要继续评估此设定流程治疗的实用性。

原始出处:Thomas L. Holland, MD; Issam Raad, MD; Helen W. Boucher, MD; et al. Effect of Algorithm-Based Therapy vs Usual Care on Clinical Success and Serious Adverse Events in Patients with Staphylococcal Bacteremia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018;320(12):1249-1258. 

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    2018-09-28 天地飞扬

    学习一下,谢谢分享!

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