The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology: 熊去氧胆酸可以用于预防减肥手术后症状性胆结石病的发生

2021-12-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

熊去氧胆酸,化学名称为3a,7β- 二羟基-5β- 胆甾烷-24-酸,为有机化合物,无臭,味苦。医学上用于增加胆汁酸分泌,并使胆汁成分改变,降低胆汁中胆固醇及胆固醇脂,有利于胆结石中的胆固醇逐渐溶解。

熊去氧胆酸是能够溶解胆结石,但是这种药物只对胆固醇结石有效,对于黑色素结石以及胆色素结石是没有效果的。另外,快速减肥是形成胆固醇胆结石的主要危险因素。因此,接受减肥手术的病态肥胖患者经常会出现有症状的胆结石疾病。本项研究旨在评估熊去氧胆酸与安慰剂相比在预防减肥手术后症状性胆结石疾病的疗效。

 

这是一项多中心、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验,纳入了计划接受腹腔镜 Roux-en-Y 胃旁路术 (RYGB) 或袖状胃切除术的具有完整胆囊的患者。患者通过网络随机模块被随机分配(1:1)接受每天900毫克熊去氧胆酸或匹配的安慰剂进行为期6个月的治疗。随机分配是根据基线时无症状胆结石的存在和手术类型进行分层。患者、临床医生和研究人员对治疗分配都是保密的。主要观察终点是患者在24个月内有无胆石症。另外对所有至少服用一剂研究药物的患者进行了安全性评估。

 

2017年1月11日至2018年10月22日期间,985名患者被随机分配接受熊去氧胆酸(n=492)或安慰剂(n=493)。967名患者被纳入修改后的意向治疗人群,其中959人有数据可用于主要终点评估。189名(20%)患者在基线时有无症状的胆结石,78名(8%)接受了袖状胃切除术。在熊去氧胆酸组的475名患者中,有31名(6.5%)发生了有症状的胆石症,在安慰剂组的484名患者中,有47名(9.7%)发生了有症状的胆石症(HR:0-67,95% CI 0.43-1.04,P=0.071)。Logistic回归显示,熊去氧胆酸与基线时是否存在无症状胆结石之间存在明显的交互作用(p=0.046),熊去氧胆酸对无胆结石患者有影响(HR:0.47,95% CI:0.27-0.84,p=0.0081),而对基线时存在无症状胆结石的患者没有影响(HR:1.22,95% CI:0.61-2.47,p=0.57)。在基线无胆结石的患者中,接受RYGB的效果更强(HR:0.37,95% CI:0.20-0.71,p=0.0016),而接受袖状胃切除术的患者亚组太小,不能得出明确的结论。不良事件很罕见。在熊去氧胆酸组,444名患者中有4名(0.9%)发生腹泻,2名(0.5%)患者出现皮疹。在安慰剂组中,453名患者中有2名(0.4%)发生腹泻,2名(0.4%)患者发生皮疹。试验组之间的严重不良事件总数没有明显差异(熊去氧胆酸组444名患者中有75例[17%],安慰剂组453名患者中有102例[23%])。最常见的严重不良事件是腹痛和内疝。

 

本项研究证实熊去氧胆酸的预防并没有明显减少减肥手术后所有患者的症状性胆石病的发生。在RYGB手术前没有胆结石的患者中,熊去氧胆酸治疗减少了症状性胆石病的发生。但是需要进一步研究以评估袖状胃切除术后熊去氧胆酸的疗效。

原始出处:

SylkeHaal. Et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for the prevention of symptomatic gallstone disease after bariatric surgery (UPGRADE): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled superiority trial. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2021.

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    2022-11-02 许安
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    2021-12-28 gwc384
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    2021-12-26 CHANGE

    什么时候有懒人用的减肥神药?

    0

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