Cell Death Differ:IRF3:肥胖和肥胖相关代谢疾病的潜在治疗靶标

2021-06-06 xiaozeng MedSci原创

肥胖是导致包括2型糖尿病(T2D)、脂肪肝和心血管疾病在内的慢性疾病发生发展的一大主要因素。

肥胖是导致包括2型糖尿病(T2D)、脂肪肝和血管疾病在内的慢性疾病发生发展的一大主要因素。这种能量平衡障碍的主要特征为白色脂肪组织(WAT)的功能失调增加和积累。

脂肪细胞是WAT的主要成分,其主要功能是在能量摄入过多时以甘油三酯的形式容纳过剩的能量,并在能量缺乏时使用。此外,脂肪细胞会产生调节全身代谢的相关脂肪因子,如瘦素、抵抗素、脂肪素和TNFα。在肥胖的发生发展过程中,脂肪细胞的功能失调会导致代谢紊乱,包括胰岛素抵抗(IR)和T2D。

脂肪细胞和脂肪组织的功能障碍是肥胖和肥胖相关代谢疾病的一大特点。既往研究显示,IRF3(干扰素调节因子3)与脂肪的生成相关。然而,IRF3在肥胖和肥胖相关疾病中的作用尚不清楚。


在该研究中,研究人员发现,在人脂肪组织中的IRF3的表达水平与胰岛素敏感性呈正相关,与T2D呈负相关。在小鼠前脂肪细胞中,IRF3的缺乏会导致PPARγ以及其介导的脂肪生成基因的表达水平升高,并引起脂肪生成的增加以及脂肪细胞功能的改变。

IRF3的表达水平与2型糖尿病以及肥胖呈负相关

IRF3基因敲除(KO)小鼠会出现肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖耐受不良等表型,并最终随着小鼠的衰老而发展为2型糖尿病,这与WAT炎症的发生发展相关。


研究人员发现,相比于野生型小鼠,在KO小鼠的WAT中观察到IFNβ介导的IL-10表达的丧失,M1型巨噬细胞的积累增加。骨髓重建实验显示,非造血细胞是肥胖发生的一个主要因素,造血细胞和非造血细胞均有助于IRF3 KO小鼠的肥胖相关并发症的发生。

IRF3在肥胖和脂肪组织炎症中的保护作用

总而言之,该研究结果显示,IRF3能够调节包括脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞在内的多种细胞类型的生物学特性,并防止肥胖和肥胖相关并发症的发生发展。因此,其或可成为预防和治疗肥胖相关代谢紊乱疾病的潜在的治疗靶标。


原始出处:

Tang, P., Virtue, S., Goie, J.Y.G. et al. Regulation of adipogenic differentiation and adipose tissue inflammation by interferon regulatory factor 3. Cell Death Differ (05 June 2021).

 

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    2021-10-23 isabellayj
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    2021-08-15 维他命
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    2021-06-08 zhaojie88
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    2021-06-08 cy0328

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克罗恩病(CD)是一种慢性发炎性胃肠道(GI)疾病,发病率逐年提高,生物制剂如乌司他单抗的使用大大减少了CD的长期并发症如狭窄,瘘管和手术切除的风险。