Ann Neurol:DWI不能很好诊断短暂性脑缺血发作

2014-03-10 佚名 丁香园

短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的诊断主要依据临床病史,因为神经系统体征常很快消失。核磁共振(MR)弥散加权成像(DWI)对微小缺血灶敏感的优点,有助于诊断短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA),并且TIA伴DWI急性缺血灶阳性的患者,卒中复发风险将会增加。因此DWI既有助于提高TIA的诊断,还能预测短期卒中风险。 目前国家卒中指南建议对TIA患者进行DWI检测。世界卫生组织提出了通过

短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的诊断主要依据临床病史,因为神经系统体征常很快消失。核磁共振(MR)弥散加权成像(DWI)对微小缺血灶敏感的优点,有助于诊断短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA),并且TIA伴DWI急性缺血灶阳性的患者,卒中复发风险将会增加。因此DWI既有助于提高TIA的诊断,还能预测短期卒中风险。

目前国家卒中指南建议对TIA患者进行DWI检测。世界卫生组织提出了通过DWI使TIA/卒中的诊断从时间依据转变为组织依据的建议,目前正在审议之中,并被美国卒中协会推荐。英国爱丁堡大学Brazzelli博士等分析了现有的研究数据,对有DWI急性缺血灶的TIA患者比例进行准确评估,并确定影响该比例的因素,从而研究DWI在TIA/卒中诊断中的作用。研究结果发表在近期的ANN NEUROL杂志上。

研究者检索了从1995年1月到2012年7月间的多种文献资源,排除语言限制。使用PRISMA指南系统回顾各项研究,纳入怀疑为TIA患者并经过MR-DWI检测显示DWI急性缺血灶阳性比例的研究。最后通过单变量随机效应荟萃分析确定DWI阳性率和影响因素。

该分析最后纳入47项研究共9078名患者。其中26项研究有卒中专家的诊断(55%),所有研究排除TIA类似疾病。TIA并有DWI急性缺血灶的患者比例为34.3%。大样本(n>200)的研究同小样本研究相比(n<50)DWI阳性率更低。但是包括扫描时间在内的其它测定因素,都不能减少或解释DWI阳性率变化达七倍之多的原因。

在确定TIA患者DWI检查中阴性结果更常见。目前可用的数据没有解释为何2/3有明确专家认证的TIA患者DWI都为阴性结果。并且DWI阳性率高达7倍的变化使它不能为诊断卒中提供一致或可预测的依据。直到这些疑问能被更好理解,并且怀疑为TIA或卒中的患者能广泛并立即的进行MR-DWI的检测,DWI才能用于卒中的诊断。

原始出处:

Brazzelli M1, Chappell FM, Miranda H, Shuler K, Dennis M, Sandercock PA, Muir K, Wardlaw JM.Diffusion-weighted imaging and diagnosis of transient ischemic attack.Ann Neurol. 2014 Jan;75(1):67-76. doi: 10.1002/ana.24026. Epub 2014 Jan 2.

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    2014-09-11 yinhl1978
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    2014-03-12 hyf028
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