J Am Heart Assoc:心血管一级预防,阿司匹林下车,鱼油上车?

2019-11-09 佚名 医学新视点

“随着阿司匹林在心血管疾病一级预防中走下神坛,了解Omega-3在一级预防中的作用特别重要,这可能将填补减少阿司匹林预防用药后的空白。”

“随着阿司匹林在心血管疾病一级预防中走下神坛,了解Omega-3在一级预防中的作用特别重要,这可能将填补减少阿司匹林预防用药后的空白。”

血管疾病预防方面,阿司匹林和鱼油可谓备受瞩目的“双子星”。然而,今年3月,在美国心脏病学会(ACC)2019年会发布的《2019年心血管疾病一级预防指南》中,“神药”阿司匹林遭遇地位下降。同时,目前重要科学研究对鱼油成分的支持程度不一。整体而言,现有研究倾向于认为,只有高剂量处方药形式的鱼油成分能够有效改善心血管风险。那么,对于大众“喜闻乐见”的低剂量日常鱼油补充剂,要全盘否定吗?

为此,来自哈佛大学医学院的团队展开研究,对Omega-3用于预防心血管疾病的现有临床试验重新进行了汇总分析。近期发表于美国心脏协会期刊JAHA的积极结果让人们重新审视鱼油补充剂,或许会带来一场翻身仗。

鱼油成分在科学研究中坐“过山车”

回顾过去一年来的重要研究,鱼油成分可谓起起落落。

重磅的REDUCE-IT研究掀起变革,3期临床试验中,在已接受他汀类药物治疗但心血管疾病风险升高的患者中,含有Omega-3的药物Vascepa(4克/天)显着降低心血管疾病风险。

发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》的VITAL研究随后就“打脸”鱼油补充剂,每天1克Omega-3对中风、心血管疾病死亡等主要心血管事件没有起到预防作用,唯一有改善的是心梗风险。

在心血管疾病风险普遍更高的糖尿病患者中,ASCEND试验也未观察到每天1克Omega-3补充剂的心血管保护作用。

美国心脏协会发布科学声明,支持处方鱼油成分有效降低甘油三酯,同时指出Omega-3补充剂对普通人群的心脏病预防效果还缺乏证据。

新研究发现了什么?

基于现状,研究团队这次分析有以下目标:

在分析中包括以上大型研究,相较于既往的汇总分析,使样本量增加了64%。

剔除REDUCE-IT研究数据后再次进行汇总分析,因为这项研究中的鱼油剂量尤其高,对心血管风险的降低效果也尤为突出。类似于去掉一个“最高分/异常值”。

分析Omega-3对心血管风险的影响是否存在剂量反应(即剂量越大,效果越明显)。

这项分析共严格纳入了将鱼油用于心血管疾病预防的13个随机试验,涉及近13万受试者,服用鱼油补充剂的时间平均约5年。

研究团队发现,即便剔除REDUCE-IT研究数据后,Omega-3补充剂也显着降低了多种心血管风险,包括心梗风险降低8%,冠心病死亡风险降低8%,所有冠心病风险降低5%,心血管死亡风险降低7%,心血管疾病总风险降低3%。只有中风风险没有得到显着改善。在纳入REDUCE-IT研究数据后,Omega-3对以上风险的改善程度都更大了。

而且,无论是否包含REDUCE-IT研究,研究团队都观察到了剂量反应。考虑REDUCE-IT研究数据后,Omega-3剂量每增加1克,心血管疾病总风险降低约9%,包括对心梗、冠心病、中风、大血管事件等的改善。

哈佛研究者如何解读

研究团队在论文中指出,提高Omega-3补充剂的剂量可能会带来更多心血管益处。研究通讯作者,哈佛医学院JoAnn E. Manson博士表示,“研究观察到中低剂量的Omega-3补充剂就有望带来约9%的心血管疾病风险改善,虽然看似幅度不大,但考虑到全球庞大的患者基数,这将能预防数十万例心血管疾病事件。”

“同时,我们还需要开展更多高剂量Omega-3在心血管疾病一级预防(针对未发病人群)和二级预防(改善已发病人群的预后)中的作用。在VITAL研究中就发现,很少吃鱼的人群在常年每天补充1克鱼油后,心梗风险有了明显下降。而目前很多关于鱼油的研究还没有区分人们原本的饮食健康状况。”

Manson博士强调,“随着阿司匹林在心血管疾病一级预防中走下神坛,了解Omega-3在一级预防中的作用特别重要,这可能将填补减少阿司匹林预防用药后的空白。”

是不必要的补充剂,还是确有预防获益?期待随着更多科学证据的积累,对鱼油补充剂的了解能更为明了。

原始出处:
Hu Y1, Hu FB1,2,3, Manson JE2,3,4.Marine Omega-3 Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 13 Randomized Controlled Trials Involving 127 477 Participants.J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Oct;8(19):e013543. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.013543. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601391, encodeId=f6c160139174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51639e734cb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿司匹林#</a>要看患者的心血管风险的高还是低。高风险人群才能有更好获益。另外,肿瘤方面额外获益也不能忽视🍋🍋, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=153, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97734, encryptionId=51639e734cb, topicName=阿司匹林)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:40:33 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601390, encodeId=10386013905f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa1010286327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鱼油#</a>这个观点不认同,阿司匹林仍然十分重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102863, encryptionId=aa1010286327, topicName=鱼油)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:38:55 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1357297, encodeId=9605135e297d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1563167, encodeId=e5fc156316ebd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=374973, encodeId=d24e3e497362, content=大剂量是有效的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Nov 09 17:05:17 CST 2019, time=2019-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-06-04 lovetcm

    #阿司匹林#要看患者的心血管风险的高还是低。高风险人群才能有更好获益。另外,肿瘤方面额外获益也不能忽视🍋🍋

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601391, encodeId=f6c160139174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51639e734cb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿司匹林#</a>要看患者的心血管风险的高还是低。高风险人群才能有更好获益。另外,肿瘤方面额外获益也不能忽视🍋🍋, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=153, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97734, encryptionId=51639e734cb, topicName=阿司匹林)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:40:33 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601390, encodeId=10386013905f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa1010286327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鱼油#</a>这个观点不认同,阿司匹林仍然十分重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102863, encryptionId=aa1010286327, topicName=鱼油)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:38:55 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1357297, encodeId=9605135e297d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1563167, encodeId=e5fc156316ebd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=374973, encodeId=d24e3e497362, content=大剂量是有效的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Nov 09 17:05:17 CST 2019, time=2019-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-06-04 lovetcm

    #鱼油#这个观点不认同,阿司匹林仍然十分重要

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601391, encodeId=f6c160139174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51639e734cb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿司匹林#</a>要看患者的心血管风险的高还是低。高风险人群才能有更好获益。另外,肿瘤方面额外获益也不能忽视🍋🍋, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=153, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97734, encryptionId=51639e734cb, topicName=阿司匹林)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:40:33 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601390, encodeId=10386013905f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa1010286327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鱼油#</a>这个观点不认同,阿司匹林仍然十分重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102863, encryptionId=aa1010286327, topicName=鱼油)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:38:55 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1357297, encodeId=9605135e297d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1563167, encodeId=e5fc156316ebd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=374973, encodeId=d24e3e497362, content=大剂量是有效的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Nov 09 17:05:17 CST 2019, time=2019-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-11-11 zhaojie88
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601391, encodeId=f6c160139174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51639e734cb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿司匹林#</a>要看患者的心血管风险的高还是低。高风险人群才能有更好获益。另外,肿瘤方面额外获益也不能忽视🍋🍋, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=153, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97734, encryptionId=51639e734cb, topicName=阿司匹林)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:40:33 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601390, encodeId=10386013905f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa1010286327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鱼油#</a>这个观点不认同,阿司匹林仍然十分重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102863, encryptionId=aa1010286327, topicName=鱼油)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:38:55 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1357297, encodeId=9605135e297d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1563167, encodeId=e5fc156316ebd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=374973, encodeId=d24e3e497362, content=大剂量是有效的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Nov 09 17:05:17 CST 2019, time=2019-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-11-11 slcumt
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601391, encodeId=f6c160139174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51639e734cb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿司匹林#</a>要看患者的心血管风险的高还是低。高风险人群才能有更好获益。另外,肿瘤方面额外获益也不能忽视🍋🍋, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=153, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97734, encryptionId=51639e734cb, topicName=阿司匹林)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:40:33 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=601390, encodeId=10386013905f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aa1010286327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鱼油#</a>这个观点不认同,阿司匹林仍然十分重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102863, encryptionId=aa1010286327, topicName=鱼油)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Jun 04 19:38:55 CST 2020, time=2020-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1357297, encodeId=9605135e297d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1563167, encodeId=e5fc156316ebd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Mon Nov 11 05:03:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=374973, encodeId=d24e3e497362, content=大剂量是有效的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Nov 09 17:05:17 CST 2019, time=2019-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-11-09 lovetcm

    大剂量是有效的

    0

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