JNNP:抗血小板治疗和原发性脑出血后血肿扩大的关系

2020-11-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

脑出血(ICH)是一种具有高死亡率的重大疾病。抗血小板治疗(APT)被认为会通过促进血小板抑制引起出血,从而导致ICH的死亡率增加。 先前的研究评估了APT对脑出血预后的影响,结果却相互矛盾。&nbs

脑出血(ICH)是一种具有高死亡率的重大疾病。抗血小板治疗(APT)被认为会通过促进血小板抑制引起出血,从而导致ICH的死亡率增加。 先前的研究评估了APT对脑出血预后的影响,结果却相互矛盾。 鉴于APT与ICH结果之间的关联数据存在矛盾,目前美国心脏协会和欧洲卒中组织指南对ICH后血小板输注的常规使用含糊不清。在一项随机临床试验中,血小板输注治疗可增加幕上脑出血患者死亡或依赖APT的风险。这些结果表明,如果APT确实容易导致脑出血或预后不良,则需要探索其他治疗策略。此外,脑出血越来越被认为是一种异质性疾病,越来越多的人认识到脑出血和脑深部出血是生物学上独立的实体。先前关于脑出血前APT的研究包括了所有的脑出血亚型,目前还不清楚APT是否对脑出血的位置或是否存在脑室内出血(IVH)的预后产生不同的影响。

方法:从三个数据源中对ICH患者进行分析。CLEAR III是一项多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验,旨在确定与EVD加生理盐水相比,实际应用的心室外引流(EVD)加脑室内注射阿替普酶是否能通过去除IVH,从而改善预后。MISTIE III是一项随机、对照、开放标签、盲法终点试验,该试验发现图像引导的微创手术后,对插管的ICH凝块进行温和的溶栓冲洗,以降低死亡率。。所有患者均进行入院格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分。本研究在入院时和治疗后72小时进行CT扫描。使用半自动平面测量法计算血肿体积,并由试验神经放射科医生在每个特定试验中集中读取。大叶脑出血被定义为大脑皮质、基底白质或两者兼而有之。脑干或小脑受累被认为是幕下出血。

结果:与无APT患者相比,APT患者的血肿扩大率较低(15.5%比20.7%,p=0.049)。在对年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、GCS、基线血肿体积、血肿位置、脑室内出血和首次CT扫描时间进行校正后的多元logistic回归模型中,先前的APT与血肿扩大无关(OR,0.97;95%CI 0.60-1.57)。在APT对应用改良兰金评分量表(mRS)的调整序数分析中,我们发现mRS分布没有变化。没有发现先前的APT与血肿位置之间的任何上述二元或序数结果之间有任何显著的相互作用。

总之,在一个大的异质性脑出血患者队列中,无论血肿位置如何,先前的APT与脑出血后血肿扩大或功能预后无关。在大叶脑出血中,APT与入院血肿体积有关。

Murthy SRoh DJChatterjee A, et al Prior antiplatelet therapy and haematoma expansion after primary intracerebral haemorrhage: an individual patient-level analysis of CLEAR III, MISTIE III and VISTA-ICH

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