“T+A”方案显著改善晚期肝癌患者总生存期,邢宝才教授解读IMbrave150全新结果丨ASCO GI

2021-03-17 医学界肿瘤频道 医学界肿瘤频道

美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)是世界上最大、最有影响力的肿瘤专业学术组织之一。

美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)是世界上最大、最有影响力的肿瘤专业学术组织之一。当地时间115日,美国临床肿瘤学会胃肠道肿瘤研讨会(ASCO GI)拉开帷幕,备受瞩目的IMbrave150研究总生存期(OS)最新结果出炉。数据显示,接受阿替利珠单抗与贝伐珠单抗联合疗法(以下简称“T+A”方案)治疗的患者中位总生存期(mOS)为19.2个月,其中中国亚群患者的mOS达到24.0个月。

这一结果有着怎样重要的意义?将如何改变中国肝癌的临床诊疗实践?医学界肿瘤频道特邀北京大学肿瘤医院肝胆胰外科一科主任邢宝才教授对研究进行精彩解读。

在现有不可切除HCC一线用药III期临床试验中

IMbrave150研究创造历史,提供最长OS

时光回溯到201911月,在欧洲肿瘤内科学会亚洲大会(ESMO-ASIA)上,IMbrave150研究两大主要终点公布,当时的结果显示,与索拉非尼相比,“T+A”方案使患者死亡风险降低42% (HR=0.5895%CI 0.42-0.79P=0.0006),疾病恶化或死亡风险降低41%HR=0.5995%CI0.47-0.76P<0.0001)。OS和无进展生存期(PFS)都达到了具有统计学意义和临床意义的改善,开启了肝癌治疗的新篇章。

基于这一结果,2020年新版《中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)原发性肝癌诊疗指南》将"T+A"方案列为1A类专家推荐。对于“T+A”方案,邢宝才教授给出了高度评价和认可我觉得这是很好的治疗方案,它是PD-L1抑制剂联合抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物,从方案设计上来说,是一个很好的想法。其临床结果也证实,这一方案确实可以给患者带来切实的获益。

令人振奋的是,本次公布的最新结果表明,“T+A”方案可降低死亡风险34%mOS达到19.2个月,优于此前标准方案的13.4个月(HR=0.6695%CI0.52–0.85)。这意味着,在现有不可切除肝细胞癌(HCC)一线用药III期临床试验中IMbrave150研究可以提供最长的OS“T+A”方案在肝癌领域,创造了历史。

客观缓解率(ORR)方面,“T+A”方案组患者的ORR高达30%,约为索拉非尼组的3倍(11%),且缓解患者中有56%缓解仍在持续,高于索拉非尼组的28%,这体现了“T+A”方案能够给患者带来长期获益的优势。 

中国亚群突破24个月!

“T+A”方案在本土患者中可发挥更大作用

值得一提的是,在IMbrave150研究中,中国亚群的mOS达到了24.0个月,优于此前标准方案的11.4个月(HR=0.5395% CI: 0.35-0.80),疗效比试验整体人群更出色,这进一步提示“T+A”方案可能更适合中国本土患者。对此,邢宝才教授表示,现在中国亚组能达到24个月的中位生存期,对于中国晚期肝癌患者来说,是一个飞跃。

此外,邢宝才教授表达了对“T+A”方案疗效的进一步认可,这一方案有效率高,对患者生活质量影响很小,患者治疗时可以正常工作、生活,且可以明显延长患者生存,让很多医生和患者看到了希望。

生存和生活质量的双重改善

不仅活得长,也要活得久

此前,IMbrave150试验的高质量患者报告结局(PRO)显示“T+A”联合疗法使患者的生活质量、机体功能、角色功能方面都有了很大的提高,为患者治疗带来信心。患者报告生活质量的恶化时间延长至近3倍,这对肝癌的临床实践具有重要意义。而IMbrave150研究安全性结果显示,与此前单独用药已知安全性特征一致,未发现任何新的安全信号。

可以说“T+A”方案在延长患者生存的基础上,也改善了患者的生存质量,让患者活得久,也活得好。

邢宝才教授介绍,相比于其他治疗方案,“T+A”的毒副反应较少,对患者生活质量影响较小。患者在治疗时,有效率和比较大的毒副反应是至关重要的两个因素。在肝癌其他类型治疗方案中,有的毒副反应较重,如果患者身体较弱,对生活质量影响是很大的。但是‘T+A’方案在这方面有一个巨大优势,只有约30%3/4级毒副反应,比其他同类治疗方案的3/4级毒副反应低了一倍多。

基于此,邢宝才教授认为,如果患者体质差、身体虚弱,肝脏功能较差,选“T+A”方案对患者的耐受性更好。

 肝癌诊疗未来之路如何走?

奋勇向前,迎接更大挑战!

随着IMbrave150研究最新结果的公布,肝癌领域的研究之路渐行渐宽,前方的希望也愈加明晰。但我们不能就此满足,君子安居而不忘倾危,在邢宝才教授看来,虽然IMbrave150研究具有里程碑式的意义,但肝癌未来的诊疗之路仍需不断探索。

针对晚期肝癌患者,有免疫治疗、靶向治疗、联合治疗,但目前还不知道哪些患者能够从中真正获益,缺乏生物标志物,这非常具有研究价值。可以减少治疗的盲目性,节省医疗资源。

此外,肿瘤微环境的进一步探索。对于肿瘤微环境的研究,应该将重点放在如何改变肿瘤的微环境,使T细胞富集,增加T细胞的活性。

原发性肝癌在中国是第4位的常见恶性肿瘤和第2位的肿瘤致死病因。我国研究调查显示,大多数肝癌患者在初步诊断时即为中晚期,失去根治性手术机会。随着IMbrave150研究最新结果的公布,更多的中国肝癌患者看到了治愈的曙光。也推动着广大临床和科研工作者们孜孜不倦地寻找着能够实现肝癌患者长期生存和更高生活质量的治疗策略。期待未来肝癌领域涌现出更多疗效与安全性俱佳的临床应用方案,为肝癌诊疗的发展带来更多革新,为广大患者创造更多希望。

参考文献:

1. Abstract-476.Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the Phase III IMbrave150 trial of atezolizumab (atezo) + bevacizumab (bev) vs sorafenib (sor) as first-line treatment (tx) for patients (pts) with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oral Abstract Session B. ASCO-GI 2020.

2. Finn R S, Qin S, Ikeda M, et al. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2020, 382(20): 1894-1905

3. CSCO原发性肝癌诊疗指南(2020版)

4. Finn RS et al. Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 14;382(20):1894-1905.

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    2021-09-29 quxin068
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    2021-03-17 min.jiang_79648281

    IMbrave150研究创造历史

    0

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    2021-03-17 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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    2021-03-07 留走人康

    肝癌,接下来就要细分了,对于体质好的病人,能否将PD-1类+抗血管新生+放疗等相结合,甚至有必要用TACE进行减负

    0

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