PRS:整形手术后预防性依诺肝素的更佳剂量

2021-04-21 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

公认的预防性依诺肝素“一刀切”剂量策略可能不会优化手术后药物的风险和益处。这项试验提供了I级证据来指导整形外科医生对住院患者制定术后依诺肝素剂量策略。

公认的预防性依诺肝素“一刀切”剂量策略可能不会优化手术后药物的风险和益处。这项试验提供了I级证据来指导整形外科医生对住院患者制定术后依诺肝素剂量策略。 作者假设,与固定剂量给药相比,基于体重的给药可能会改善预防性依诺肝素的药代动力学。 这项固定或可变依诺肝素(FIVE)试验是一项随机双盲试验,比较了随机分配到术后静脉血栓栓塞预防组的患者的药代动力学和临床结果,这些患者使用依诺肝素40毫克,每天两次或依诺肝素0.5毫克/千克,每天两次。患者术后随机分组,并在术后8小时接受第一剂依诺肝素。 主要假设是(1)基于体重的给药在避免凝血功能不全(抗因子Xa <0.2 IU/ml)方面不低于固定剂量的给药,以及(2)基于体重的给药在避免凝血功能过度(抗因子Xa >0.4 IU/ml)方面优于固定剂量的给药。次要终点是90天的静脉血栓栓塞和出血。 图1。筛选、随机和90天随访的综合试验报告标准示意图。DVT,深静脉血栓形成;Xa,抗Xa因子;或,手术室。 该研究共纳入295名患者,并将其随机分组,其中151名被分配到固定剂量组,144名被分配到依诺肝素的体重组。   图2。住院

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    2021-05-24 kzlchina
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    2021-04-23 科研科研科研

    整形手术中的最佳剂量

    0

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JAMA:提高预防性抗凝治疗药物剂量对ICU新冠肺炎患者预后的影响

,接受ICU治疗的COVID-19患者中,与标准预防性抗凝治疗相比,提高依诺肝素预防性抗凝治疗剂量,在降低患者静脉或动脉血栓、体外膜氧合或30天内死亡风险方面无优势

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研究认为,大多数接受肠道手术的患者每天接受40mg依诺肝素用于血栓的预防治疗是不充分的,根据抗凝血因子实时调节药物剂量的方案十分必要

JAMA: Osocimab用于膝关节置换患者血栓预防

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J Thromb Haemost:依诺肝素预防妊娠相关静脉血栓栓塞的有效性和安全性

由此可见,在该队列中使用标准剂量依诺肝素进行血栓预防可有效预防PA-VTE。在分娩和分娩期间经常使用椎管内镇痛/麻醉,并且使用较高剂量的依诺肝素可能阻碍了该途径。产后出血很常见,较高剂量的血栓预防可能会增加产科出血并发症。这些数据并未表明在临床环境中需要考虑更高剂量的依诺肝素用于血栓预防。

Dig Dis Sci: 结肠手术后使用预防性依诺肝素治疗易引起肝损伤

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拓展阅读

Dig Dis Sci:结直肠手术后预防性使用依诺肝素会造成肝损伤

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,接受ICU治疗的COVID-19患者中,与标准预防性抗凝治疗相比,提高依诺肝素预防性抗凝治疗剂量,在降低患者静脉或动脉血栓、体外膜氧合或30天内死亡风险方面无优势

Dig Dis Sci: 结肠手术后使用预防性依诺肝素治疗易引起肝损伤

结肠癌患者术后易出现深静脉血栓的问题,为了减少此并发症的发生,指南建议结肠癌术后患者应该常规使用抗凝治疗。

NEJM:在外科手术后利伐沙班在预防VTE方面优于依诺肝素(PRONOMOS研究)

发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的最新临床研究PRONOMOS,利伐沙班比依诺肝素在预防静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)事件更有效,而不会增加非重大下肢手术后制动患者的出血风险。该研究成果也在最近的ACC 2020

JAMA: Osocimab用于膝关节置换患者血栓预防

在膝关节置换术患者中,术后0.6mg/kg、1.2mg/kg和1.8mg/kg Osocimab与依诺肝素相比符合非劣性标准,术前1.8mg/kg剂量的Osocimab与依诺肝素相比,在术后10至13天静脉血栓预防效果优于依诺肝素

JAMA Surg:抗凝血因子测试在结直肠手术后依诺肝素预防方案的应用

研究认为,大多数接受肠道手术的患者每天接受40mg依诺肝素用于血栓的预防治疗是不充分的,根据抗凝血因子实时调节药物剂量的方案十分必要