Clinical Nutrition: 怀孕期间补充维生素D对后代健康的影响

2022-06-21 xuyihan MedSci原创

维生素D是一种脂溶性维生素,主要参与人体钙、磷的调节以及骨代谢。在疫情期间,人们对于健康的关注程度大大提升,维生素D与人体健康之间的关系同样日益受到关注。

维生素D缺乏或不足已成为全世界各个年龄段人群的常见公共卫生问题,影响了大约 10 亿人。除了已确立的有益骨骼功能外,据报道维生素D与心血管疾病、免疫调节、怀孕和后代健康有着广泛的关联。据报道,全世界维生素D不足 (<50 nmol/L) 和缺乏 (<25 nmol/L) 的患病率分别为 46%至 87%和9%至79%。

有研究显示维生素D缺乏与早产、小于胎龄儿(SGA)、骨骼发育受损和神经发育障碍的风险增加有关。目前关于孕妇补充维生素D对胎儿或新生儿死亡率、低出生体重 (LBW) 风险、出生体重和出生身长的影响的结论并不一致。因此,研究人员进行了本次荟萃分析,以全面评估母体补充维生素D对出生时后代健康的影响。

研究人员对Medline、Embase、Cochrane 系统评价数据库、ClinicalTrials.gov和 ChiCTR.org.cn 进行了系统检索,将截至 2021年7月前的所有相关文献都回顾了一遍。如果研究报告了比较维生素 D 补充与安慰剂、怀孕期间不补充(400 IU/天或更少)的随机临床试验,并包括出生结果,则纳入分析,然后使用随机效应模型进行汇总分析。

本次荟萃分析共纳入了42项随机对照试验,招募了11082名参与者。在13项涉及6238名参与者的随机对照试验中,怀孕期间补充维生素D与宫内或新生儿死亡风险降低相关(RR,0.69;95% CI,0.48-0.99)。研究人员还发现,产前补充维生素D与后代出生时身长增加(MD,0.27 cm;95% CI,0.02–0.51)、新生儿维生素D浓度增加(MD,27.72 nmol/L;95% CI,20.51–34.92),并降低维生素D不足的风险(RR 为 0.51;95% CI,0.38-0.67)有关,但与出生体重(MD,37.07 g;95% CI,-9.67 - 83.80)、头围(MD , 0.15 cm; 95% CI, -0.02 - 0.32),早产(RR,0.93;95% CI,0.79–1.09)或低出生体重(RR,0.90;95% CI,0.66–1.24)无关。在妊娠第20周之前开始补充与小于胎龄儿出生的风险降低相关(RR,0.46;95% CI,0.24-0.90)。

本项研究证实怀孕期间补充维生素D与改善后代维生素D充足状态、改善胎儿线性生长以及降低胎儿或新生儿死亡率有关。补充维生素D对出生体重、低出生体重风险和早产风险没有影响。

原始出处:

YakunLiu. Et al. Effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on offspring health at birth: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails. Clinical Nutrition.2022.

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    2022-06-21 ilzira

    学习了

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    2022-06-21 zll0628

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