Cell Reports:尹玉新/贾建平合作揭示神经退行性疾病记忆衰退新机制

2022-07-20 生物世界 生物世界

该研究鉴定出与阿尔茨海默病发生发展相关的蛋白激酶FAM69C,扩展了人源激酶组。功能研究阐明FAM69C对于突触功能、神经元活性以及记忆过程起到保护作用。

神经退行性疾病以进行性认知功能障碍和行为异常为主要特点,严重影响患者的工作能力和生活质量阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是最为常见的神经退行性疾病之一,其发病率伴随老龄化进程加剧而不断增加,加重社会经济负担。目前尚无有效的预防手段,有限的药物治疗也无法改善患者逐渐减退的认知功能。因此,研究阿尔茨海默病记忆丢失的机制是神经科学领域的重要问题。
 
2022年7月19日,北京大学系统生物医学研究所尹玉新教授团队和宣武医院贾建平教授团队合作,在 Cell Reports 期刊发表了题为:FAM69C, a kinase critical for synaptic function and memory, is defective in neurodegenerative dementia 的研究论文。

该研究首次鉴定出一个新的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶 FAM69C,阐述其在调控突触可塑性以及记忆过程中的作用,并揭示FAM69C蛋白异常在阿尔茨海默病记忆减退过程中发挥重要作用。

图片

研究团队通过筛选蛋白组织分布特异性、比对激酶催化序列以及分析活性中心三维结构,发现脑中高表达的FAM69C蛋白具有潜在的激酶结构特点。通过磷酸化质谱和体外磷酸化实验证实FAM69C是一个全新的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶。

为研究FAM69C生物学功能,团队构建了Fam69c基因敲除小鼠。单细胞转录组测序揭示FAM69C缺失导致神经元和胶质细胞中调控突触结构和功能的生物学通路显著下降。利用神经电生理、形态学和行为学方法,发现FAM69C敲除破坏突触可塑性、降低突触数量、导致记忆减退以及在条件刺激下出现神经退行性改变。通过磷酸化质谱与蛋白质谱鉴定出FAM69C的一系列磷酸化底物与结合蛋白,且通路富集分析提示潜在底物涉及突触结构组成和突触传递过程。

进一步,激酶活性实验证实FAM69C在S51位发生自身磷酸化以及在T445、S654位磷酸化突触蛋白Amphyphysin。最后,FAM69C表达水平在阿尔茨海默病患者脑中显著下降,且出现病理性聚集。

 

图片

FAM69C调控突触可塑性及记忆过程模式图

综上所述,该研究鉴定出与阿尔茨海默病发生发展相关的蛋白激酶FAM69C,扩展了人源激酶组。功能研究阐明FAM69C对于突触功能、神经元活性以及记忆过程起到保护作用。由此,该研究发现了神经退行性痴呆中记忆丢失的新机制。

北京大学基础医学院讲师梅帆和北京大学深圳医院博士后胡佳盼为该文章的共同第一作者,北京大学系统生物医学研究所尹玉新教授和宣武医院贾建平教授为共同通讯作者。该研究得到国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金重点项目以及国自然面上项目的支持。 

论文链接:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111101

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