Front Oncol:阿帕替尼治疗吉西他滨为基础化疗失败后的晚期胆管癌的临床疗效和安全性

2021-10-24 yd2015 MedSci原创

研究表明,阿帕替尼单药治疗吉西他滨为基础化疗失败的晚期胆管癌患者是一种有效且有前途的治疗方案。

阿帕替尼(apatinib)作为一种新型小分子血管内皮生长因子受体-2酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(VEGFR2-TKI),通过抑制血管生成在各种实体肿瘤中表现出特异性的抗肿瘤作用。近期,郑州大学附属第一医院团队开展了相关研究,旨在评估阿帕替尼治疗吉西他滨为基础化疗失败后的晚期胆管癌的临床疗效和安全性。相关结果发表在Frontiers in Oncology杂志上。

这是一个前瞻性的开放标签II期研究(NCT03521219)。2017年11月至2018年11月,纳入32例晚期肝内胆管癌患者,其中吉西他滨为基础的一线化疗失败。他们接受甲阿帕替尼二线单药治疗(口服,500 mg / d,一个周期28天),直到疾病进展或不可接受的毒性。使用实体瘤1.1版疗效评价标准(RECIST 1.1)和不良事件标准4.0版(NCI-CTCAE 4.0)分别评价疗效和不良反应。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法。

26例患者中,男性14例(53.8%),女性12例(46.1%)。中位年龄为58岁(范围:28 - 78岁)。大多数病例ECOG为0或1(80.8%)。12例(46.2%)诊断为肝内胆管癌,14例(53.8%)诊断为肝外胆管癌。26例患者都不能进行手术切除。所有患者在吉西他滨为基础的一线化疗方案后都经历了进展。他们接受二线单药治疗(阿帕替尼初始剂量为500 mg)。最常见的转移部位是肝脏(100.0%),其次是肺(61.5%)和腹腔淋巴结(61.5%)。采用阿帕替尼治疗前,26例患者接受既往治疗,包括顺铂联合吉西他滨(n = 10)、吉西他滨联合卡培他滨(n = 7)、吉西他滨联合氟嘧啶(n = 5)。

总共有26例患者接受了至少一个周期的阿帕替尼治疗。中位随访时间为8.3个月(范围:0.9 -28.0)。26例患者中2例失访,1例因时间不足未随访,1例因其他原因停用阿帕替尼退出。随访结束时,26例FAS患者中有24例被纳入疗效分析,研究人员通过CT或MRI对目标病灶进行评估,以评估疗效。

近期疗效:最佳疗效评价按照RECIST v1.1进行。CR 1例(4.16%),PR 4例(16.67%),SD 10例(41.67%),PD 9例(37.50%)。ORR为20.8% (95% CI: 9.24 40.47%), DCR为62.5% (95% CI: 42.71 78.84%)。远期疗效:采用Kaplan-Meier法分析阿帕替尼对PFS和OS的远期疗效。中位PFS为95天[95%置信区间(CI): 79.70 -154.34天],中位OS为250天(95% CI: 112.86-387.14天)。

                           PFS和OS

单因素分析显示,部分单因素因素影响患者生存。性别对患者生存的影响无统计学意义。年龄是影响无进展生存的独立因素。>60岁及≤60岁患者的中位无进展生存期从49天(95% CI: 2.8-95.2天)显著改善至127天(95% CI:64.3-189.7天)。(P = 0.010)。我们发现肿瘤的解剖位置与生存获益相关(P = 0.08)。肝内胆管癌患者的中位PFS为153天(95% CI:79.7-226.3天),明显长于肝外胆管癌(72天,95%CI: 21.3-221.7天)。ECOG表现状态和CA199与生存获益无关(P >0.05)。

      年龄对PFS影响

          位置对PFS影响

          PFS相关因素

大多数与阿帕替尼治疗相关的毒性是轻微的,主要分为1级或2级。骨髓抑制是最常见的毒性之一(18/26,69.2%),表现为白细胞减少和血小板减少;继发性高血压15例(57.7%),蛋白尿12例(46.2%),手足综合征10例(38.5%),7例(26.9%)患者出现疲劳,7例(26.9%)患者出现贫血。部分患者治疗过程中出现肝功能障碍,包括转氨酶升高(7/26,26.9%)、胆红素升高(5/26,19.2%)。罕见的不良反应包括头晕、恶心和呕吐。副反应轻,耐受性好,可通过对症治疗加以控制。3级不良事件包括高血压(3,11.5%)、白细胞减少(3,11.5%)、血小板减少(2,7.7%)、贫血(2,3.8%)、蛋白尿(1,3.8%)和转氨酶升高(1,3.8%)。没有4级毒性发生。通过对症治疗或减少剂量,不良反应是可控的,没有药物相关死亡。

          不良反应

综上,研究表明,阿帕替尼单药治疗吉西他滨为基础化疗失败的晚期胆管癌患者是一种有效且有前途的治疗方案。

原始出处:

Zhang G, Gong S, Pang L, Hou L and He W (2021) Efficacy and Safety of Apatinib Treatment for Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma After Failed Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy: An Open-Label Phase II Prospective Study. Front. Oncol. 11:659217. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.659217

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    2021-11-19 minlingfeng
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    2021-10-24 绿箩

    学习学习

    0

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    2021-10-24 ms9000000212834100

    例晚期肝内胆管癌患者,其中吉西他滨为基础的一线化疗失败

    0

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