甘露醇在颅内压增高时怎么用?这6点必看!

2022-09-06 ANDs ANDs

甘露醇是治疗颅内压(ICP)增高最常用药物,神经科医生对其并不陌生。但由于临床中ICP增高的病理生理机制各不相同,以及甘露醇的广泛应用,导致甘露醇不规范使用的现象普遍存在。

甘露醇是治疗颅内压(ICP)增高最常用药物,神经科医生对其并不陌生。但由于临床中ICP增高的病理生理机制各不相同,以及甘露醇的广泛应用,导致甘露醇不规范使用的现象普遍存在。

ICP增高:是指颅脑损伤、脑肿瘤、脑血管病、脑积水、脑梗死及颅内炎症等病理损害发展至一定阶段,使颅腔内容物体积增加,导致ICP持续超过正常上限(成人正常ICP为70-200mmH2O,儿童为50-100mmH2O),从而引起的一系列临床综合征。

颅内高压的管理

1、头位抬高30°,保持颈部和躯干轴线。

维持正常血压和正常血容量

维持正常体温

避免低氧血症

避免低白蛋白血症

维持正常二氧化碳分压目标于35~40mmHg

维持血钠140~150mmol/L

控制血糖

镇痛镇静

抗癫痫药物治疗

如果有脑脊液引流,通过脑室外引流来辅助控制颅内压

2、如ICP仍增高,实施降低ICP的一线治疗方案:

最常用的渗透性降颅压药物是甘露醇和高渗盐水

必要时可辅助甘油果糖、白蛋白、利尿剂、山梨醇及尿素等

3、采取上述措施后,如ICP持续增高,启动降颅内压二线治疗方案:

包括亚低温治疗、巴比妥治疗和去骨瓣减压术

一、甘露醇的临床治疗方案

甘露醇的作用快捷,静脉注射后20min内起作用,2-3h降压作用达到高峰,持续4~6h。

首次给药后如果仍需实施渗透治疗来降低颅内压,在监测ICP和血浆渗透压的情况下,应在4~6h后重复给药。

如果重复给药后仍达不到ICP控制目标,需采用其他降颅压方案。

甘露醇输注方案包括连续输注或脉冲式给药,脉冲式给药较连续输注效果更好。

常规推荐剂量为0.25~1g/kg经外周或中心静脉导管在10~20min的时间内静脉输入。

脉冲式给药一般推荐0.25g/kg小剂量给药,100ml的甘露醇制剂能覆盖到体质量80kg以下的患者。

在突发颅内压增高的情况下,可以使用更高的剂量,一般使用约60g(1g/kg)的剂量。

PS:短期使用甘露醇(1.0-2.0g/kg)通过减少脑细胞外液可以最大化的减小脑容积,临床常应用于紧急降低颅内高压的一时治疗,比如脑疝患者,外科手术操作中为了增加暴露等。但同时也可能带来水电解质紊乱、血浆渗透压的改变引起颅内压反跳等并发症。在其后续的治疗过程中,为了达到同样的脱水降颅内压效果,往往需要增加甘露醇的使用剂量,才可能达到同等的降低颅内压的效果。

因而脉冲式给予甘露醇,尤其是时间较长者,使用小剂量的甘露醇是非常重要的。

二、甘露醇治疗颅内压增高的效果监测

如果甘露醇使用后ICP<20mmHg,则无需追加和重复使用甘露醇。

如ICP>20mmHg,采用甘露醇长期医嘱治疗,来维持ICP<20mmHg或维持渗透压正常。

如治疗后ICP仍持续在25mmHg以上超过30min,应进一步复查CT或启动更高级别的降颅内压治疗方案。

三、甘露醇治疗颅内压增高的血浆渗透压监测目标

ICP增高实施渗透性治疗时,应维持血浆渗透压目标值在300—320mOSm/L。当血浆渗透压水平超过330~340mOsm/L,将可能对肾脏及其他器官造成损害。

使用甘露醇后的渗透压间隙是一个更好的监测指标。

渗透压间隙=所测得的血浆渗透压-[(血钠×2)+血钾+(血尿素氮/3)+(葡萄糖/18)]

渗透压间隙<10mOsm/L提示需要重复给予甘露醇

当渗透压间隙>20mOsm/L,应尽可能避免使用甘露醇

四、甘露醇治疗颅内压增高的适应症

因病理因素包括颅脑创伤、脑出血、脑梗死、颅内肿瘤、脑积水、颅内感染、缺血缺氧性脑病,静脉窦血栓、脑水肿等造成急、慢性颅内压增高时,在实施ICP增高的基础治疗后仍存在ICP增高的疾病。

五、甘露醇治疗颅内压增高的禁忌证

没有ICP增高病理改变的疾病

急性肺水肿或严重肺瘀血

合并肾功能损害或潜在性肾病

充血性心力衰竭

代谢性水肿

孕妇及老年人

低血压状态

颅内活动性出血患者慎用,需手术者除外

六、甘露醇治疗ICP增高中的常见不良反应

1、血浆渗透压过高

急性血浆渗透压快速增高会引起脑细胞内失水、脑血管损害、肾损害、肺水肿,甚至多脏器功能不全。

且颅内压增高的患者可能有多方面的原因造成血浆渗透压的升高,故更加需要使用小剂量甘露醇,避免血浆渗透压持续太高。

2、渗透性肾病

甘露醇可引起肾小球滤过下降、肾小管代谢障碍,肾小管吸收功能下降,造成少尿、无尿,引发急性肾功能衰竭。

老年患者或已有的肾功能衰竭患者更加具有潜在的危险,通常在高剂量的甘露醇(>0.2 kg/d或者48 h后累积量>0.4 kg)后发生。

3、颅内压反跳加重脑水肿

脑脊液中的甘露醇比血浆中的甘露醇排出更慢,当血中的甘露醇经肾脏迅速排出后,血浆中的渗透压明显降低,而甘露醇仍然在脑组织中滞留,从而使水分从血液中向脑组织中转移,颅内压重新升高,引起脑压反跳。

甘露醇在脑组织中的累积是时间依赖性的,小剂量使用甘露醇可以减轻脑水肿加重和反跳。

4、其他并发症

甘露醇的不良反应还包括药物浸润所致的皮肤脱落、利尿所致的低血容量、低钾血症和碱血症,以及在糖尿病和老年患者中出现的高血糖性高渗状态等。

专家推荐意见

建议对颅内压(ICP)增高实施分层管理策略。在尚无足够证据表明高渗盐水和甘露醇哪个更优的情况下,甘露醇仍然是目前最常用的渗透治疗药物。

尽可能保持甘露醇使用剂量0.25g/kg。避免渗透压失衡和严重的脱水,维持血浆渗透压和脑血流动力学的稳定。

甘露醇的输注方式建议脉冲式给药,初始剂量为0.25~1g/kg经外周或中心静脉导管在10—20min的时间内静脉输入,其后推荐每4~6小时给予低剂量0.25-0.5g/kg维持。

1.0~2.0g/kg剂量用于单次或者短时间降低颅内压,为外科手术创造时机,或0.25-0.5g/kg剂量给药后无法达到目标ICP值。

应结合临床状态、ICP监测、影像学检查来评估甘露醇的治疗效果。血浆渗透压目标值应维持在300—320mOsm/L。

不合并ICP增高病理改变的疾病应避免经验性使用甘露醇,有适应证使用甘露醇时注意慎用的情况,避免过量使用。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1942028, encodeId=704a1942028c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4e7910039477' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100394, encryptionId=4e7910039477, topicName=颅内压增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e05e201, createdName=appleandpeer, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247528, encodeId=7928124e52893, content=受益了。很多问题之前没有考虑这么细, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210512/b39c8bc0ab334969ba4ccc08e7a6cd94/c4e41798ef27449aa31ad740c9b13062.jpg, createdBy=5ff35133022, createdName=forvalen, createdTime=Tue Sep 06 19:37:11 CST 2022, time=2022-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1295699, encodeId=43dc129569984, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e02468846d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#甘露醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68846, encryptionId=e02468846d4, topicName=甘露醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f73a255, createdName=medscijoin, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503568, encodeId=ac1c15035684e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac441003921e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100392, encryptionId=ac441003921e, topicName=颅内压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d96d9662987, createdName=jiadan198785, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1561670, encodeId=a71415616e030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1567679, encodeId=7d50156e67926, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-06 forvalen

    受益了。很多问题之前没有考虑这么细

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1942028, encodeId=704a1942028c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4e7910039477' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100394, encryptionId=4e7910039477, topicName=颅内压增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e05e201, createdName=appleandpeer, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247528, encodeId=7928124e52893, content=受益了。很多问题之前没有考虑这么细, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210512/b39c8bc0ab334969ba4ccc08e7a6cd94/c4e41798ef27449aa31ad740c9b13062.jpg, createdBy=5ff35133022, createdName=forvalen, createdTime=Tue Sep 06 19:37:11 CST 2022, time=2022-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1295699, encodeId=43dc129569984, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e02468846d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#甘露醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68846, encryptionId=e02468846d4, topicName=甘露醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f73a255, createdName=medscijoin, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503568, encodeId=ac1c15035684e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac441003921e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100392, encryptionId=ac441003921e, topicName=颅内压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d96d9662987, createdName=jiadan198785, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1561670, encodeId=a71415616e030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1567679, encodeId=7d50156e67926, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1942028, encodeId=704a1942028c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4e7910039477' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100394, encryptionId=4e7910039477, topicName=颅内压增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e05e201, createdName=appleandpeer, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247528, encodeId=7928124e52893, content=受益了。很多问题之前没有考虑这么细, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210512/b39c8bc0ab334969ba4ccc08e7a6cd94/c4e41798ef27449aa31ad740c9b13062.jpg, createdBy=5ff35133022, createdName=forvalen, createdTime=Tue Sep 06 19:37:11 CST 2022, time=2022-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1295699, encodeId=43dc129569984, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e02468846d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#甘露醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68846, encryptionId=e02468846d4, topicName=甘露醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f73a255, createdName=medscijoin, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503568, encodeId=ac1c15035684e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac441003921e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100392, encryptionId=ac441003921e, topicName=颅内压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d96d9662987, createdName=jiadan198785, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1561670, encodeId=a71415616e030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1567679, encodeId=7d50156e67926, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1942028, encodeId=704a1942028c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4e7910039477' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100394, encryptionId=4e7910039477, topicName=颅内压增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e05e201, createdName=appleandpeer, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247528, encodeId=7928124e52893, content=受益了。很多问题之前没有考虑这么细, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210512/b39c8bc0ab334969ba4ccc08e7a6cd94/c4e41798ef27449aa31ad740c9b13062.jpg, createdBy=5ff35133022, createdName=forvalen, createdTime=Tue Sep 06 19:37:11 CST 2022, time=2022-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1295699, encodeId=43dc129569984, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e02468846d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#甘露醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68846, encryptionId=e02468846d4, topicName=甘露醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f73a255, createdName=medscijoin, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503568, encodeId=ac1c15035684e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac441003921e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100392, encryptionId=ac441003921e, topicName=颅内压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d96d9662987, createdName=jiadan198785, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1561670, encodeId=a71415616e030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1567679, encodeId=7d50156e67926, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-07 liuxiaona
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1942028, encodeId=704a1942028c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4e7910039477' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100394, encryptionId=4e7910039477, topicName=颅内压增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e05e201, createdName=appleandpeer, createdTime=Fri Dec 23 10:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247528, encodeId=7928124e52893, content=受益了。很多问题之前没有考虑这么细, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210512/b39c8bc0ab334969ba4ccc08e7a6cd94/c4e41798ef27449aa31ad740c9b13062.jpg, createdBy=5ff35133022, createdName=forvalen, createdTime=Tue Sep 06 19:37:11 CST 2022, time=2022-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1295699, encodeId=43dc129569984, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e02468846d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#甘露醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68846, encryptionId=e02468846d4, topicName=甘露醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f73a255, createdName=medscijoin, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503568, encodeId=ac1c15035684e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac441003921e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颅内压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100392, encryptionId=ac441003921e, topicName=颅内压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d96d9662987, createdName=jiadan198785, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1561670, encodeId=a71415616e030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1567679, encodeId=7d50156e67926, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=118142341b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#增高#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42341, encryptionId=118142341b1, topicName=增高)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af9415191444, createdName=liuxiaona, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 11:10:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-07 liuxiaona

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