Neurology:低收入美国黑人和白人健康生活方式与阿兹海默病和相关痴呆风险的关系

2022-07-30 Naomi MedSci原创

健康的生活方式对于预防阿尔茨海默氏病和相关性痴呆(ADRD)的重要性已得到广泛认可。研究支持健康生活方式对社会经济处境不利的美国人预防 ADRD 的显著益处,表明促进健康的生活方式至关重要。

虽然健康的生活方式对于预防阿尔茨海默氏病和相关性痴呆(ADRD)的重要性已经得到认可,但是流行病学证据对于非白人或低收入的 ADRD 负担过重的个人来说仍然有限。近日,一项发表在Neurology以人群为基础的队列研究旨在调查生活方式因素与社会经济地位不利的美国人的 ADRD 风险之间的关联。

在由三分之二自我报告的黑人和主要是低收入美国人组成的南方社区队列研究中,使用参加医疗保险的参与者在65岁后至少连续12个月的索赔数据确定了 ADRD 事件。根据健康指南,五个生活方式因素(吸烟、饮酒、闲暇体力活动(LTPA)、睡眠时间和饮食质量)分别为0(不健康)、1(中等)和2(健康)。生活方式综合评分是通过对所有得分求和得出的。Cox 回归用于估计 ADRD 事件的风险比(HR,95% CI) ,将死亡作为一种竞争性风险。

  • 在17,209名参与者中发现了1,694名新诊断的 ADRD 患者,中位随访时间为索赔数据4.0年; ADRD 诊断的平均年龄为74.0岁。
  • 健康的生活方式与 ADRD 风险降低11% -25% 单独相关: 从未与当前吸烟相比,多变量调整后的 HR (95% CI)为0.87(0.76-0.99) ,低至中度为0.81(0.72-0.92) 与没有饮酒相比,每周≥150分钟的中度或≥75分钟的猛烈 LTPA 的0.89(0.77-1.03)与无,7-9小时的0.75(0.64-0.87)与 > 9小时的睡眠,0.85(0.75-0.96)对于健康饮食指数的最高与最低三分位数。
  • 复合生活方式评分显示剂量反应相关性,ADRD 风险降低高达36% : 四分位数的多变量调整 HR (95% CI)分别为1(参考文献) ,0.88(0.77-0.99) ,0.79(0.70.0.90)和0.64(0.55-0.74) ; p 趋势 < 0.001。
  • 无论参与者的社会人口统计学(例如,种族,教育和收入)和健康状况(例如,心脏代谢疾病和抑郁史) ,都观察到有益的关联。

该研究结果支持健康生活方式对社会经济处境不利的美国人预防 ADRD 的显著益处,表明促进健康的生活方式和减少生活方式改变的障碍对于解决 ADRD 造成的日益增长的负担和差异至关重要。

 

文献来源:

Yang JJ, Keohane LM, Pan X, et al. Association of Healthy Lifestyles with Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias in Low-Income Black and White Americans [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 13]. Neurology. 2022;10.1212/WNL.0000000000200774. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200774

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    2022-11-20 yinhl1978
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    2022-07-29 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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