Diabetes Care:注意了!2型糖尿病患者的肾脏功能检测远不达标!

2021-09-25 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

对于T2DM患者,美国糖尿病协会(ADA)建议至少每年检测eGFR和uACR。

每九个成年人中就有一个患有2型糖尿病(T2DM),其中三分之一的人还患有慢性肾脏病(CKD),指的是肾小球滤过率(GFR)下降或白蛋白尿升高。大多数CKD患者不知道自己的病情。为了提高识别率,临床指南建议用血清肌酐和尿白蛋白与肌酐比值(uACR)估计的GFR(eGFR)测试高风险患者。

对于T2DM患者,美国糖尿病协会(ADA)建议至少每年检测eGFR和uACR。此外,对于非怀孕的糖尿病和高血压患者,当uACR测量为30-299mg/g时,ADA建议使用ACE抑制剂或血管紧张素受体阻断剂(ARBs),当uACR≥300mg/g和/或eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m2时,强烈建议使用。

为了全面了解美国T2DM患者CKD的检测情况,来自美国医疗集团协会的专家团队开展了一项全国性的研究。分析了来自24家医疗机构和1164个临床实践点的513165名T2DM成人患者的电子健康记录数据。评估了截至2019年9月的1年、2年和3年内,按医疗机构和临床实践地点,同时具有一个或多个eGFRs和一个或多个uACRs的患者百分比,以及每个测试的情况。结果发表在Diabetes Care杂志上。

结果显示,各医疗机构1年内uACR和eGFR的中位检测率为51.6%,eGFR为89.5%,uACR为52.9%。uACR检测在各医疗机构的差异(第10-90百分位数)为44.7%至63.3%,在各医疗机构的差异为13.3%至75.4%。在3年内,各机构的uACR检测率中位数为73.7%。

总体而言,检测到的白蛋白尿升高的发生率为15%。检测到的白蛋白尿升高的平均流行率随着各机构uACR检测率的提高而线性增加,在uACR检测率为20%、50%和100%时,估计流行率分别为6%、15%和30%。

将标准扩大到eGFR和过去一年的任何尿蛋白测试,各机构的中位数(第10-90百分位)测试率为66.4%(58.9-72.4%),各临床实践基地的测试率为67.0%(36.9-81.1%)。使用eGFR和任何尿蛋白或ACE抑制剂或ARB,使过去一年各机构的中位数比率提高到80.1%(76.8-84.9%),各临床实践基地的中位数比率为80.8%(56.6-90.1%)。

按机构和临床实践地点划分的eGFR和uACR检测率

综上,虽然T2DM患者的eGFR检测率一致很高,但uACR的检测率并不理想,而且在所考察的机构中变化很大。指南推荐的uACR检测应增加对CKD的检测。

 

参考文献:

Chronic Kidney Disease Testing Among Primary Care Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Across 24 U.S. Health Care Organizations. Diabetes Care 2021 Sep; 44(9): 2000-2009.

https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2715

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先天性心脏病是新生儿中最常见的先天性疾病。然而,成年重度冠心病患者的生存率明显低于普通人群。

改善糖尿病合并CKD患者结局的综合管理策略(IWGDF 2023)

改善糖尿病合并CKD患者结局的综合管理策略(IWGDF 2023)

Front Cardiovasc Med:RF-CL与CACS-CL模型对稳定型心绞痛合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉阻塞预测概率和预测预后方面的比较

预计到2045年,全球糖尿病(DM)患者人数将增至7亿。全球葡萄糖代谢受损的负担日益加重。

Adv Sci:空军军医大学陈俊/武俊杰发现糖尿病前期神经病理性疼痛新型治疗靶点

该研究旨在探讨PDNP的发生机制并确定潜在的治疗靶点。