BMJ :免疫抑制剂副作用大?科学家发现Treg细胞可抑制免疫!

2020-10-29 张佳兴 生物探索

器官移植术后的患者的免疫系统对外来器官的防御作用反而造成了麻烦,使其需要接受免疫抑制剂治疗。因此,慢性排斥反应和慢性免疫抑制的长期并发症(如感染、恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病等)是亟待解决的要点难。

免疫系统保护机体免受外界因素的损伤。然而,当机体免疫力过强时也会造成机体损害,导致自身免疫性疾病的发生。

值得注意的是,器官移植术后的患者的免疫系统对外来器官的防御作用反而造成了麻烦,使其需要接受免疫抑制剂治疗。因此,慢性排斥反应和慢性免疫抑制的长期并发症(如感染、恶性肿瘤、血管疾病等)是亟待解决的要点难点,人们不断在寻求新的治疗策略。

BMJ发表了德国柏林查理特大学Petra Reinke团队名为“Regulatory T cells forminimising immune suppression in kidney transplantation: phase I/IIa clinicaltrial”的研究,该研究发现自然调节性T细胞(nTreg)在肾移植术后的患者中可降低免疫抑制剂用量。

此前已有研究发现nTreg在器官移植术后患者中具有治疗作用。在本项研究中,研究人员对11位接受肾移植的患者应用了自体CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + nTreg以观察其安全性及有效性,并评估nTreg是否可以在移植后48周内减少患者的免疫抑制剂用量。

自体nTreg输注最小化肾移植术后患者免疫抑制剂使用

随后,研究人员评估了nTreg治疗的安全性。在所有的3个nTreg治疗组中未发现剂量依赖性毒性。nTreg治疗组和对照组的同种异体移植术后三年生存率均为100%,无严重不良反应事件报告。

nTreg治疗组及对照组患者相关指标

研究人员对患者进行了生物标志物分析,与对照组相比,nTreg治疗对其它免疫细胞亚群无明显影响。

nTreg治疗组及对照组患者生物标志物分析

总而言之,此研究表明,此种nTreg较为安全、耐受性良好,并可减少免疫抑制剂的应用。当然,为了进一步提高该疗法的疗效并增进其稳定性,尚需要更多研究来探讨Tregs的可持续和功能性移植、特异性以及对免疫抑制药物的耐药性,并研究其最佳剂量。

或许不久的将来,器官移植术后的患者可以通过自体移植免疫细胞的方式来降低免疫抑制剂的使用,规避其副作用。

原始出处:
Andy Roemhild, Natalie Maureen Otto, Guido Moll, et al.Regulatory T cells for minimising immune suppression in kidney transplantation: phase I/IIa clinical trial.BMJ. 2020 Oct 21;371:m3734. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m3734.

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    2021-10-11 jklm09
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    2021-08-26 gaoxiaoe
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