HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING:左楔前叶、左弓状束与语言学习能力有关

2021-07-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

人们学习新语言的成功程度各不相同,但语言学习能力差异的神经解剖学相关因素是什么?

人们学习新语言的成功程度各不相同,但语言学习能力差异的神经解剖学相关因素是什么?

HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING杂志最近发表研究文章利用LLAMA测验和超高场强磁共振成像研究语言学习倾向的神经解剖学相关性。这项研究调查了大脑皮层形态和白质微结构的差异如何与词汇学习、语音记忆和语法推理的能力相关。

使该研究用超高场强MRI的好处在于提高了信噪比和连续组织对比度,允许高分辨率、限制部分体积效应,并从T1加权图像体积中产生更有效的组织分割。与以往的研究相比,该研究通过使用更高的空间分辨率,有助于理解语言学习能力的结构神经相关性,作为皮质形态计量学的基础。此外,与标准DTI相比,利用DKI可以计算相关白质束的更详细的组织微结构参数。

该研究使用超高场(7T)磁共振成像来估计皮质厚度和表面积从亚毫米分辨率的图像体积。此外,扩散峰度成像用于绘制与已知语言相关白质束的组织微结构相关的扩散特性。

FreeSurfer重建示例。软脑膜表面以红色显示,白表面(白质/灰质边界)以蓝色显示

左后下楔前叶皮质表面积与词汇学习能力之间存在相关性,这可能表明存在更大的词汇-图形联想倾向。

以eICV和年龄为协变量,词汇学习能力倾向评分(LLAMA B)与覆盖左下后楔的左后内侧皮层表面积相关。

语音记忆倾向(LLAMA D)与左弓状束(AF)轴向峰度(AK)和左上纵束(III)轴向峰度(AK)相关。AF(蓝色)和SLF III(绿色)

此外,左弓状束的语音记忆分数和轴向峰度以及左上纵束III的平均峰度、轴向峰度和径向峰度之间的负相关,这是连接对语音工作记忆重要的皮质区域的束。

总之,该研究结果表明,左后内侧群较大的皮层表面有利于词汇学习能力的培养,这可能反映了语言相关的词汇-图形联想具有更大的陈述性记忆储存能力。此外,已知背侧语言加工流束的峰度参数与语音记忆呈负相关,这表明白质束的一致性和均一性对语音工作记忆的影响,这些白质束连接着负责语音存储的众所周知的皮层区域。该研究增加了关于大脑皮层厚度、皮层表面积和白质纤维束的组织微结构如何与学习语言能力相关的知识。从更广的角度来看,这也意味着,能力和才能的差异至少部分可能是由于大脑皮层形态计量学或白质微观结构的差异造成的。

原文出处

Cortical and white matter correlates of language-learning aptitudes. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25598

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    2022-04-24 tamgche
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    2021-07-23 yangjxjc
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