长期暴露于空气污染和道路交通噪音与COPD发病率相关

2021-12-07 小文子 MedSci原创

长期暴露于空气污染和道路交通噪音与COPD发病率独立相关,交通可能是最重要的来源。

研究证实空气污染与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发生有关,而环境噪音的作用仍未知。European Respiratory Journal杂志的一项研究探索了长期暴露于空气污染和道路交通噪音与COPD发病率的相关性。

研究人员将丹麦护士队列(年龄>44岁)的24538名女性护士的COPD发病率定义为基线(1993年或1999年)和2015年间的首次就诊。估计了居住地1990年以来PM2.5和1970年以来二氧化氮(NO2)的年平均浓度,并估计1970年以来的道路交通噪音(Lden)。Cox回归模型评估空气污染和道路交通噪音与COPD发病率之间的相关性。

977名护士在平均随访18.6年时发生COPD。COPD受试者的空气污染和噪音水平显著较高,NO2、NOx和道路交通噪音的水平在城市地区最高。PM2.5与Lden(0.29)的相关性较低,PM2.5与NO2(0.48)以及Lden与NO2(0.60)的相关性中等。研究观察到三种暴露与COPD的相关性,对于PM2.5,HR=1.19,95% CI(1.01,1.41)/6.26µg/m3;对于NO2,HR=1.13,95% CI(1.05,1.20)/8.19µg/m3,对于道路交通噪音,HR=1.15,95%CI(1.06,1.25)/10 dB。双污染物模型中,NO2和Lden的HR在PM2.5调整后保持不变,而PM2.5的HR在NO2和Lden调整后减弱。未观察到空气污染物与噪音之间的潜在相互作用效应。

研究表明,长期暴露于空气污染和道路交通噪音与COPD发病率独立相关,交通可能是最重要的来源。研究提出了道路交通噪声与呼吸健康的相关性,需要在未来的研究中证实这一结论。

原文出处:

Liu S, Lim Y-H, Pedersen M, et al. Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort. Eur Respir J 2021; https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.04594-2020.

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