JNNP:神经丝轻链预测脑小血管病未来痴呆风险

2021-02-19 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

脑小血管病(SVD)是一种非常普遍的疾病,可导致血管性认知障碍和血管性痴呆。少数治疗方法可延缓疾病进展。虽然在人群基础上,SVD的MRI特征可以预测痴呆,但预测哪些患者会进展是困难的。需要更好的生物标

脑小血管病(SVD)是一种非常普遍的疾病,可导致血管性认知障碍和血管性痴呆。少数治疗方法可延缓疾病进展。虽然在人群基础上,SVD的MRI特征可以预测痴呆,但预测哪些患者会进展是困难的。需要更好的生物标志物来预测痴呆的进展。此类标记物可作为疾病研究中的替代标记物。由于进展率可变,临床试验需要大样本量,而对变化敏感的标记物将允许在较小的2期试验中测试治疗。MRI标记物包括白质高信号(WMH)和弥散张量成像(DTI)被建议作为替代标记物。

神经丝轻链(NfL)是一种对神经轴突损伤敏感的血液标记物,在神经退行性疾病中,NfL水平升高。在SVD的横断面研究中,NfL水平与认知和痴呆有关。如果NfL用于预测预后,需要研究结果证明基线NfL预测未来痴呆风险。此外,如果要在临床试验中用作替代标记物,必须证明2-3年内NfL水平的变化与临床进展相关,这是临床试验的典型特征。在一项针对中重度SVD患者的纵向前瞻性研究中,本文确定NfL水平的基线和变化是否可以预测未来认知能力下降和痴呆风险。

患者在每年进行MRI、认知测试和采血,持续3年。临床和认知随访持续5年。共有121名症状性SVD患者来自伦敦南部的三个中风服务中心。每年收集有关痴呆症发病率的信息。所有的血样都是每年在核磁共振成像时采集的。在招募的121名受试者中,113名受试者有血液可用,90名受试者至少有两个时间点有血液样本可用。每年进行一次诊断,测试SVD患者受损的认知功能。痴呆症是在医院或类似的临床服务中诊断出来的。

Figure 1

113名受试者的NfL数据可用于基线分析,90名受试者的NfL数据可用于纵向分析。基线NfL预测认知能力下降(总体认知β=−0.335,SE=0.094,p=0.001)和转化为痴呆症的风险(HR=1.676(95%可信区间1.183至2.373),p=0.004)。与影像学相比,随访期间NfL值没有变化。在这项针对中重度SVD患者的纵向前瞻性研究中,NfL水平在基线水平预测认知能力下降和向痴呆症转化。预测水平与DTI相似,DTI先前被认为是SVD WM损伤最敏感的标志物,并被证明可以预测未来的痴呆风险。

NfL可预测SVD患者5年随访期MRI标志物、认知功能减退和痴呆发生率的变化,提示NfL可能是一个有用的预后指标。然而,NfL值的变化并没有被检测到,因此NfL可能不是SVD临床试验中有用的替代标志物。

Egle MLoubiere LMaceski A, et al Neurofilament light chain predicts future dementia risk in cerebral small vessel disease

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    2021-02-19 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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