J Clin Oncol:儿童癌症幸存者后续发生心衰的风险和相关风险因素

2022-09-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

平均心脏放射剂量≥5 Gy的癌症幸存者发生心衰的风险增加

心力衰竭 (HF) 是儿童癌症治疗的潜在危及生命的并发症,目前低剂量药物治疗的效果知之甚少。研究人员开展了一项针对长期幸存者的大型欧洲研究以评估儿童癌症幸存者心衰的风险和风险因素,从而促进当前治疗方案和监测指南的改进。

该研究纳入了欧洲七个国家1940年至2009年期间确诊的5岁及以上的儿童癌症幸存者(n=42361)。研究人员计算了心衰的累积发病率,并进行巢式病例对照研究,以评估治疗相关的风险因素。


心衰的累积发生率

结果显示,截止50岁时,心衰的累积发病率是2%。病例对照研究(n=1000)显示,与未进行心脏放射的患者相比,心脏放射剂量平均在5~<15 Gy的幸存者发生心衰的风险增加(优势比[OR] 5.5,95% CI 2.5-12.3)。与剂量5~<15 Gy相关的风险随着更大心脏体积的暴露而增加。此外,心衰风险随着平均心脏放射剂量的增加呈线性增加。


蒽环类药物暴露和放射暴露剂量与心衰的相关性

至于蒽环类药物的总累积剂量,接受≥100 mg/m2的幸存者发生心衰的风险显著增加,而接受较低剂量治疗的幸存者发生心衰的风险没有明显变化。随着蒽环类药物剂量的增加,剂量反应关系呈二次方相关性。

综上,平均心脏放射剂量≥5 Gy的癌症幸存者发生心衰的风险增加。与放疗相关的风险随着暴露量的增加而增加。接受总累积剂量<100 mg/m2的蒽环类药物治疗的幸存者的心衰风险无显著增加。该研究结果或可对儿童癌症的新治疗方案和心肌病监测指南产生影响。

原始出处:

Esmée C. de Baat, et al. Risk Factors for Heart Failure Among Pan-European Childhood Cancer Survivors: A PanCareSurFup and ProCardio Cohort and Nested Case-Control Study. J Clin Oncol. September 08, 2022. https://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.21.02944

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