Diabetes Care:减肥手术将使死亡率减半,哪种手术更有利于糖尿病患者的心血管结局?

2021-09-25 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

糖尿病(DM)被世界卫生组织(WHO)认为是四大非传染性疾病之一。

糖尿病(DM)被世界卫生组织(WHO)认为是四大非传染性疾病之一。目前,全球有4.63亿DM患者。根据2019年国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)官网公布的最新全球DM地图(第九版)显示,目前全球有4.63亿DM患者,每11个成年人(20-79岁)中就有1人罹患DM。

其中,中国是DM患者最多的国家,约有1.16亿患者。预计到2030年,全球DM患者会达到5.784亿。作为十大死因之一,仅2019年就有420万人年龄位于20-79岁的人死于DM或其并发症,相当于每8秒有1个人死于DM,约占全球全因死亡的11.3%。

今年1月,一项发表在《柳叶刀》(Lancet)杂志上的随机对照试验的随访分析数据表明,比起传统医学治疗,接受减重手术对T2DM长期控制更有效,10年后,37.5%的接受手术的患者HbA1c维持在7.0%以内。这意味着,治愈本被认为需要终身服药的T2DM是有希望的。

为了进一步确定两种最常见的代谢手术(Roux-en-Y胃绕道术(RYGB)、袖状胃切除术(SG)),哪一种与T2DM和肥胖症患者的主要不良血管事件(MACE)风险的降低有关。近期的Diabetes Care发表了相关结果。

研究人员共分析了13490名患者,包括1362名RYGB、693名SG,以及11435名在克利夫兰诊所接受治疗的T2DM和肥胖症的匹配非手术患者(1998-2017),随访至2018年12月。通过多变量Cox回归分析估计了发生扩展MACE的时间,定义为首次发生冠状动脉事件、脑血管事件、心衰、肾病、心房颤动和全因死亡。

结果显示,RYGB组5年内主要终点的累积发生率为13.7%(95%CI,11.4-15.9),SG组为24.7%(95%CI,19.0-30.0),RYGB风险降低23%(HR=0.77;95%CI,0.60-0.98)。在六个单独的终点中,RYGB与SG相比,5年后肾病的累积发生率明显较低(分别为2.8% vs. 8.3%;HR 0.47 [95% CI 0.28-0.79])。

与常规护理相比,RYGB与SG术患者5年MACE发生比

此外,RYGB与体重、糖化血红蛋白以及治疗糖尿病和心血管疾病的药物使用的更大减少有关。RYGB五年后,与SG相比,患者需要更多的上端内窥镜检查(45.8% vs. 35.6%,P < 0.001)和腹部手术(10.8% vs. 5.4%,P = 0.001)。

综上,在肥胖和T2DM患者中,与SG相比,RYGB可能与更大的体重减轻、更好的糖尿病控制以及更低的MACE和肾病风险有关。

 

参考文献:

Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: Comparison of Gastric Bypass, Sleeve Gastrectomy, and Usual Care. Diabetes Care 2021 Sep; dc203023.https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-3023

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    2021-09-26 法荣

    学习

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    2021-09-26 病毒猎手

    #减重手术#对于超肥胖人群是有益的

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    2021-09-26 CHANGE

    什么时候有懒人用的减肥神药?

    0

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