世卫大会首次承诺要消除宫颈癌!女孩子都应该看的HPV疫苗科普干货

2020-12-16 39健康网 39健康网

近期,世卫发布《加速消除宫颈癌全球战略》,世卫大会首次承诺要消除一种癌症。

近期,世卫发布《加速消除宫颈癌全球战略》,世卫大会首次承诺要消除一种癌症。

宫颈癌多由HPV病毒感染导致,而HPV病毒主要通过直接接触和性活动传播。数据显示,约一半生育年龄女性,至少感染过一种类型的HPV。感染HPV就会得宫颈癌吗?如何防控宫颈癌?

HPV病毒究竟有多厉害?

HPV全称是人乳头瘤病毒,它的感染能够引起人体皮肤黏膜鳞状上皮的增殖,进而引起一系列皮肤以及生殖器粘膜部位的严重疾病。

目前研究发现HPV病毒有超过200种基因型,根据其致病力以及致癌危险性大小进行区分分为高危型及低危型两大类,其中高危型的HPV亚型对人类健康威胁最大,可能会引起生殖器疣病、宫颈癌等生殖器癌。

感染HPV一定会的宫颈癌吗?

据研究显示,超过90%的宫颈癌患者是由于HPV感染所引起,这说明HPV感染是宫颈癌发生的一大危险因素。

那这表明感染了HPV就一定会得宫颈癌吗?答案否定的!

虽然说感染HPV会增加宫颈癌的发生危险,但是这并不是百分百的因果关系,也就是说有的人即使感染了HPV,也不会发展成为宫颈癌。

美国一项研究统计显示,约八成的美国成年人在一生中至少感染过一次HPV病毒,但大多数人都是一过性的感染,会通过自身的免疫能力将其清除而自愈,甚至不会出现任何症状。

就算感染了HPV后没有自愈,这个从感染到发展成为宫颈癌的整个过程需要7-10年左右,期间会出现许多癌前病变和症状,只要细心注意自身身体的变化,定期进行体检筛查,都能够在宫颈癌发生的早期得到发现、进行治疗,而我们都知道宫颈癌的早期治疗可以有非常好的预后,可以基本不影响健康寿命。

什么样的行为会导致HPV感染?

1、发生性行为时间早。

研究统计表型,首次性行为年龄越小者,在其生命后期发生HPV感染的危险性越高,尤其是首次X交发生在15岁前的女性。

2、有多个性伴侣或性较频繁。

HPV可以通过X交进行传播,若同时存在多个性伴侣和频繁X交的行为,就会增大因为X交而感染HPV的风险。

3、吸烟。

吸烟第一能够降低我们身体的免疫能力,在感染HOV时无法通过自身免疫系统进行自愈;第二是烟草中本身含有超过60种的致癌物质成分,会引起身体多组织部位的癌症,其中也包括宫颈癌。

有必要接种hpv疫苗吗?

宫颈癌是女性常见的妇科恶性肿瘤疾病。

导致女性得宫颈癌的原因有多种,但人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)持续感染是宫颈癌的主要致病因素,90%以上的宫颈癌女性都伴有高危型HPV感染。

因此只要能够预防高危型HPV病毒感染,就可以降低90%的宫颈癌得病几率。

2价、4价、9价有什么区别?

HPV 2价疫苗

公开资料显示,2价疫苗可预防感染率高的HPV16、18型。80%的肝门癌、70%的宫颈癌、60%的引导肿瘤、40%的外阴癌均由着两类病毒导致。

国内推荐适宜接种年龄为9—45岁女性。

HPV 4价疫苗

4价疫苗可用于预防由HPV 6、11、16、18型病毒导致的疾病。

国内推荐适宜接种年龄为20—45岁女性。

HPV 9价疫苗

9价疫苗针对HPV的九种亚型,基本包含目前已知的所有人乳头瘤病毒治病种类,可以防治HPV 6、11、16、18、31、33、45、52和58型九种病毒。

国内推荐适宜接种年龄为16—26岁女性。

三种宫颈癌疫苗只要接种其中第一种并完成全部的注射剂次后,便可预防70%以上的HPV感染,无需再接受另第一种的宫颈癌疫苗注射。

需要注意的是,HPV病毒是第一种通过性传播的病毒,有过性生活的女性就有可能感染HPV。有研究表明,两年内性生活史的女性发生HPV感染的几率为50%,一生中感染的概率为80%。感染过后再接种宫颈癌疫苗,作用就小了很多。

因此,宫颈癌疫苗预防效果佳的人群为未有过性生活的女性。在适宜接种年龄内,越早接种效果越好。如果超出适宜年轻但还未有过性生活也是完全可以接种预防的。

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    2020-12-18 ms3000002090313497

    0

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    2020-12-18 一闲
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    2020-12-17 Jessica

    除了不卫生的性行为,吸烟也会增加宫颈癌发生的风险,吸烟和二手烟都要远离!#宫颈癌#

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=909138, encodeId=ee6b90913851, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=968d5409012, createdName=ms3000002090313497, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 16:12:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1408259, encodeId=2a4d140825998, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92194628826' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46288, encryptionId=92194628826, topicName=宫颈)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=11102737131, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 05:58:24 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908832, encodeId=59e790883249, content=除了不卫生的性行为,吸烟也会增加宫颈癌发生的风险,吸烟和二手烟都要远离!<a href='/topic/show?id=146246308d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈癌#</a> , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=160, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46308, encryptionId=146246308d1, topicName=宫颈癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 11:30:08 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908787, encodeId=a77b908e87b1, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201109/d311346c29d641098dff5f23016e7da7/88055690e20d4cfd85ada57636794e93.jpg, createdBy=12875418351, createdName=ms6000001515816393, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:53 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908786, encodeId=8d78908e8603, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201110/2d55d24dc5fd419d994b7b920c79731b/d3c8bdca983c4af1b90220a8192e353a.jpg, createdBy=e14e5296465, createdName=飞翔的乌龟, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:52 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908597, encodeId=716990859e06, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 16:04:12 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908570, encodeId=6fcf9085e03a, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 15:09:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-12-17 ms6000001515816393

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=909138, encodeId=ee6b90913851, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=968d5409012, createdName=ms3000002090313497, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 16:12:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1408259, encodeId=2a4d140825998, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92194628826' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46288, encryptionId=92194628826, topicName=宫颈)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=11102737131, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 05:58:24 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908832, encodeId=59e790883249, content=除了不卫生的性行为,吸烟也会增加宫颈癌发生的风险,吸烟和二手烟都要远离!<a href='/topic/show?id=146246308d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈癌#</a> , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=160, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46308, encryptionId=146246308d1, topicName=宫颈癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 11:30:08 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908787, encodeId=a77b908e87b1, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201109/d311346c29d641098dff5f23016e7da7/88055690e20d4cfd85ada57636794e93.jpg, createdBy=12875418351, createdName=ms6000001515816393, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:53 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908786, encodeId=8d78908e8603, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201110/2d55d24dc5fd419d994b7b920c79731b/d3c8bdca983c4af1b90220a8192e353a.jpg, createdBy=e14e5296465, createdName=飞翔的乌龟, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:52 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908597, encodeId=716990859e06, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 16:04:12 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908570, encodeId=6fcf9085e03a, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 15:09:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-12-17 飞翔的乌龟

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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=909138, encodeId=ee6b90913851, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=968d5409012, createdName=ms3000002090313497, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 16:12:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1408259, encodeId=2a4d140825998, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92194628826' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46288, encryptionId=92194628826, topicName=宫颈)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=11102737131, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 05:58:24 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908832, encodeId=59e790883249, content=除了不卫生的性行为,吸烟也会增加宫颈癌发生的风险,吸烟和二手烟都要远离!<a href='/topic/show?id=146246308d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈癌#</a> , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=160, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46308, encryptionId=146246308d1, topicName=宫颈癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 11:30:08 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908787, encodeId=a77b908e87b1, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201109/d311346c29d641098dff5f23016e7da7/88055690e20d4cfd85ada57636794e93.jpg, createdBy=12875418351, createdName=ms6000001515816393, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:53 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908786, encodeId=8d78908e8603, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201110/2d55d24dc5fd419d994b7b920c79731b/d3c8bdca983c4af1b90220a8192e353a.jpg, createdBy=e14e5296465, createdName=飞翔的乌龟, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:52 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908597, encodeId=716990859e06, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 16:04:12 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908570, encodeId=6fcf9085e03a, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 15:09:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-12-16 146a7291m01暂无昵称

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=909138, encodeId=ee6b90913851, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=968d5409012, createdName=ms3000002090313497, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 16:12:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1408259, encodeId=2a4d140825998, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92194628826' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46288, encryptionId=92194628826, topicName=宫颈)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=11102737131, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Fri Dec 18 05:58:24 CST 2020, time=2020-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908832, encodeId=59e790883249, content=除了不卫生的性行为,吸烟也会增加宫颈癌发生的风险,吸烟和二手烟都要远离!<a href='/topic/show?id=146246308d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宫颈癌#</a> , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=160, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46308, encryptionId=146246308d1, topicName=宫颈癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 11:30:08 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908787, encodeId=a77b908e87b1, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201109/d311346c29d641098dff5f23016e7da7/88055690e20d4cfd85ada57636794e93.jpg, createdBy=12875418351, createdName=ms6000001515816393, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:53 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908786, encodeId=8d78908e8603, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201110/2d55d24dc5fd419d994b7b920c79731b/d3c8bdca983c4af1b90220a8192e353a.jpg, createdBy=e14e5296465, createdName=飞翔的乌龟, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 09:22:52 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908597, encodeId=716990859e06, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 16:04:12 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908570, encodeId=6fcf9085e03a, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201216/68f4e17f5f0d4e63b75a46ee82ccb663/e66b098c773645458f11c1deb93e0f2f.jpg, createdBy=5d7e5155892, createdName=146a7291m01暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 15:09:21 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-12-16 146a7291m01暂无昵称

    0

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