大规模研究发现:睡好觉、多运动、少久坐可减少41%阿尔茨海默病风险

2022-06-29 天桥脑科学研究院 天桥脑科学研究院

该研究为阿尔茨海默病预防提供了更加明确具体的指导。

在一项纳入43万余人参与、长达中位数为9年随访的大规模研究中,中国的医学专家发现,每天7小时的睡眠时间,结合中高水平的休闲运动量以及较短的久坐时长能够减少41%阿尔茨海默病风险;这三类可调控行为对于阿尔茨海默病风险的影响具有联合作用。

该研究发现:睡眠时长与阿尔茨海默病风险之间呈典型的“U”形关系;运动强度与罹患阿尔茨海默病的风险呈斜率递减的曲线关系;久坐时长与痴呆风险之间整体上呈现“J”形关系。这项由复旦大学附属华山医院神经内科教授、天桥脑科学研究院(TCCI)研究员郁金泰临床研究团队联合复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院程炜研究员团队开展的研究成果已发表在最新一期《分子精神病学》(《Molecular Psychiatry》)杂志上。

郁金泰教授介绍,越来越多的研究发现,睡眠、运动和久坐这三类日常行为与阿尔茨海默病发生风险有关,然而这些研究主要是单独研究每种行为在阿尔茨海默病中的作用,此前,尚无证据阐明睡眠、运动和久坐这三者之间的联合作用对罹患阿尔茨海默病的影响。

 

睡眠、运动、久坐与痴呆风险的关联及可能机制

针对这一现状,研究团队纳入了431924名37至73岁的非阿尔茨海默症患者参与,中位随访时间9.0年。期间,参与者分别报告了每天的睡眠时长,每周的总体运动量和休闲运动量,以及每天的久坐时长;随访期间共有5390名参与者被诊断为新发阿尔茨海默病。基于这些数据,研究团队探讨了睡眠、运动和久坐这三类行为因素与阿尔茨海默症发生风险之间的单独或联合关系,并深入研究了每项行为与阿尔茨海默病之间的线性或非线性关联模式。此外,研究还利用脑影像数据分析了三类行为对于脑结构和脑连接的关系,以探究行为与阿尔茨海默症之间的潜在作用机制。

该研究发现:最佳睡眠时长为7小时/天,过长或过短的睡眠时长都会增加阿尔茨海默病风险;增加运动量可以降低阿尔茨海默病风险,但当运动量达到较高水平时(约相当于每周360分钟的步行或300分钟的中度运动或150分钟的剧烈运动),继续增加运动量不会进一步降低阿尔茨海默病风险;4小时以内的久坐不会影响阿尔茨海默病风险,但更长时间的久坐则显著增加阿尔茨海默病风险。

与睡眠时间过长/过短+低运动量+长时间久坐的人相比,每晚7小时睡眠+中高强度运动量(相当于每周步行超过120分钟,或中度运动超过100分钟,或剧烈运动超过50分钟)+短时间久坐(4小时以内)是最优推荐组合,其阿尔茨海默病风险降低了41%。

研究人员还发现,睡眠、运动和久坐可能通过影响脑结构进而影响阿尔茨海默病风险。该研究为阿尔茨海默病预防提供了更加明确具体的指导。郁金泰教授和程炜青年研究员建议民众维持每天7小时的睡眠时间,适度增加休闲运动量,减少久坐时间,可积极预防或延缓阿尔茨海默病的发生。

参考文献:
[1] Huang, SY., Li, YZ., Zhang, YR. et al. Sleep, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study of 431,924 UK Biobank participants. Mol Psychiatry (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01655-y

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    2022-12-16 ylz8403
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    2022-07-02 海阔天空Sin

    学习了

    0

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