The Ocular Surface:女性喝酒易患干眼症,男性喝酒可防干眼症?

2021-06-03 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

饮酒对DED具有明显的性别特异性影响,仅是女性的危险因素。

干眼病(DED)是一种多因素的眼表疾病,其特征是泪膜不稳定、高渗、炎症和神经感觉异常。DED是一种高度流行的疾病,根据调查的人群和干眼症的确切定义,患病率估计在5 - 50%之间。干眼症严重降低了生活质量,并带来了大量的直接和间接成本。尽管有许多可用的治疗方案,症状的完全缓解是罕见的,而且这种疾病通常是慢性的。因此,阐明可改变的危险因素对于预防DED的发展或在早期阶段遏制疾病至关重要。

饮酒被认为可能是DED的可改变的危险因素,值得进一步研究。过去有关DED和饮酒之间关系的研究报告得出了相互矛盾的结果。在一项实验研究中发现,在高剂量摄入的情况下,酒精会分泌到眼泪中,增加泪膜渗透压,缩短泪膜破裂时间。最近的一项荟萃分析,包括8项观察性研究,得出结论:DED和酒精使用之间存在显著的正相关。然而,需要注意的是,这种风险的增加主要源于一项大型研究,该研究仅评估了确诊的酒精依赖对DED的影响,削弱了得出的结论。泪膜和眼表学会干眼症研讨会II (TFOS DEWS II)流行病学报告还强调,由于过去的研究中没有结论性的发现,需要专门设计研究来评估酒精在DED发展中的作用。

Morten SchjervenMagno等使用大量的人群研究来评估干眼病(DED)与饮酒之间的关联。文章发表在The Ocular Surface杂志。

该研究使用用妇女健康研究(WHS)干眼问卷对来自荷兰生命线研究小组的77,145名参与者(19-94岁,女性59%)进行了DED横断面评估。使用自我报告的食物频率问卷评估饮酒量。使用逻辑回归分析了DED与饮酒之间的关系,并校正了年龄,性别,BMI,吸烟状况,教育程度,收入以及55种潜在的混淆性合并症。

男女饮酒者四分之一的酒精摄入量中有症状性干眼的优势比(OR)比较:根据BMI、吸烟状况、收入和教育水平以及55种与酒精摄入和干眼症相关的共病校正后的男性和女性酒精摄入的每四分之一酒精摄入的症状性干眼症(“有时”有干眼症和刺激症状,或至少“经常”有干眼症和刺激症状)的OR。前四分之一,即酒精摄入量最低的25%的参与者,可作为参考。不喝酒的人被排除在分析之外。误差条表示95%置信区间。交互作用项[性别*酒精摄入量(四分位数)]是显著的,P = 0.007,表明对增加酒精摄入量的性别特异性反应。

30.0%的参与者患有症状性干眼症。饮酒会明显增加女性症状性干眼的风险(几率[OR] 1.095,95%CI 1.045–1.148),但男性则没有(OR 0.988,95%CI 0.900–1.084)。相反,在男性饮酒者中,增加饮酒量(10 g /天)对有症状的干眼症有保护作用(OR 0.962,95%CI 0.934–0.992),而在女性中则没有观察到(OR 0.986,95%CI 0.950) –1.023)。酒精的使用和摄入对DED评估的所有结果有性别特异性的影响:症状性干眼、高度症状性干眼、临床诊断和WHS定义干眼。

酒精对干眼症影响的作用模型。红色箭头表示对干眼症体征和症状有负面影响的变化。绿色箭头显示了酒精对干眼症潜在的有益影响。

上图说明了一个拟议的模型,说明酒精使用如何导致干眼症体征和症状的变化。酒精可能通过化学性质和激素变化直接或间接地导致眼部稳态的丧失。它还强调了酒精使用可能通过周围神经病变和中枢神经系统改变对体征和症状的神经影响。

饮酒似乎是女性干眼症的一个轻微危险因素,但在男性中不是。酒精对干眼症的影响与性别高度相关,女性的干眼症风险明显高于男性。在男性饮酒者中,增加酒精摄入量甚至可以保护干眼症。这些发现强调了在干眼病研究中按性别分层的重要性。该研究还表明,未来的研究应包括对干眼病和酒精使用的客观和主观评估,以揭示其复杂的关系,包括掩盖干眼病症状的任何可能的神经病变机制的作用。

这项基于人群的大型研究发现,饮酒对DED具有明显的性别特异性影响,仅是女性的危险因素。建议谨慎地解释男性饮酒者增加饮酒的适度保护作用,因为饮酒的其他健康影响可能具有更大的临床意义。

原文出处

Morten Schjerven Magno, Tishelle Daniel, Mathias Kaurstad Morthen, Harold Snieder, Nomdo Jansonius, Tor P. Utheim, Christopher J. Hammond, Jelle Vehof,The relationship between alcohol consumption and dry eye,The Ocular Surface,Volume 21,2021,Pages 87-95,ISSN 1542-0124,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtos.2021.05.005.

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    2021-08-22 shanyongle
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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/18771D7322C9EF584A56512DA676B97A/100, createdBy=cbb12324383, createdName=lililili-xiaodi, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 08:24:35 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970503, encodeId=bb1c9e0503cf, content=这项基于人群的大型研究发现,饮酒对DED具有明显的性别特异性影响,仅是女性的危险因素。建议谨慎地解释男性饮酒者增加饮酒的适度保护作用,因为饮酒的其他健康影响可能具有更大的临床意义。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 08:36:18 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970483, encodeId=41f19e048382, content=男女有别?!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 07:04:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-23 医生说

    学习了

    0

  4. 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    2021-06-04 yeaweam
  5. 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    2021-06-04 ymljack
  6. 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  7. 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beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 07:04:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-03 CWRCWR

    不喝酒比较好吧

    0

  8. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/18771D7322C9EF584A56512DA676B97A/100, createdBy=cbb12324383, createdName=lililili-xiaodi, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 08:24:35 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970503, encodeId=bb1c9e0503cf, content=这项基于人群的大型研究发现,饮酒对DED具有明显的性别特异性影响,仅是女性的危险因素。建议谨慎地解释男性饮酒者增加饮酒的适度保护作用,因为饮酒的其他健康影响可能具有更大的临床意义。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 08:36:18 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970483, encodeId=41f19e048382, content=男女有别?!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 07:04:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-03 lililili-xiaodi

    性别差异么

    1

    展开1条回复
  9. 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beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 07:04:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-03 神盾医疗局局长Jack

    这项基于人群的大型研究发现,饮酒对DED具有明显的性别特异性影响,仅是女性的危险因素。建议谨慎地解释男性饮酒者增加饮酒的适度保护作用,因为饮酒的其他健康影响可能具有更大的临床意义。

    0

  10. 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topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/18771D7322C9EF584A56512DA676B97A/100, createdBy=cbb12324383, createdName=lililili-xiaodi, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 08:24:35 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970503, encodeId=bb1c9e0503cf, content=这项基于人群的大型研究发现,饮酒对DED具有明显的性别特异性影响,仅是女性的危险因素。建议谨慎地解释男性饮酒者增加饮酒的适度保护作用,因为饮酒的其他健康影响可能具有更大的临床意义。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 08:36:18 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970483, encodeId=41f19e048382, content=男女有别?!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Thu Jun 03 07:04:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-03 学医无涯

    男女有别?!

    0

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