Nat Med:全球人民去医疗机构都要花多长时间?

2020-09-29 haibei MedSci原创

获得医疗服务的机会是衡量人类福祉的一个标准,它受制于许多不同地域的因素,其中最直接的因素是个人前往设备齐全、人员充足的医疗机构所需的时间。

获得医疗服务的机会是衡量人类福祉的一个标准,它受制于许多不同地域的因素,其中最直接的因素是个人前往设备齐全、人员充足的医疗机构所需的时间。

由于医疗设施在空间上集中在人口稠密的地区,生活在农村地区的人在寻求医疗服务时往往面临着更多的旅行时间和费用。这种情况可能因交通基础设施差和缺乏机动交通工具而加剧,进一步增加了旅行所需的时间,并可能对低收入人口造成特别大的影响。

因此,前往医疗机构旅行时间较长的人在需要时不太可能寻求护理,而不寻求护理的后果包括可治疗疾病的死亡率和发病率的增加。

有效地描述旅行时间的特点,可以帮助确定哪些社区将从额外的医疗资源中受益最大。这些资源包括外展计划、社区医疗工作者、补贴交通、远程医疗、将训练有素的人员转移到人手不足的设施和最佳位置的未来设施。为位于农村或偏远地区的社区提供医疗服务,对于确保由于缺乏熟练的医疗工作者而经常得不到服务的人群的健康公平至关重要。

在这种情况下,医疗设施的旅行时间地图为负责分配人员和资源,以改善健康结果的决策者提供了宝贵的资源。

最近,研究人员在Nature Medicine杂志发文,其利用OpenStreetMap、谷歌地图和学术研究人员进行主要的数据收集工作,汇编了迄今为止最完整的设施位置收集。

利用该设施数据集在地理上的不同优势,研究人员使用了一种成熟的方法,以前所未有的细节来描述前往医疗设施的旅行时间。研究人员还制作了使用和不使用机动交通工具的旅行时间地图,从而描述了分布在不同财富阶层的人群前往医疗机构的旅行时间。

研究人员发现,全球仅有8.9%的人口(6.46亿人)在使用机动交通的情况下无法在1小时内到达医疗机构,而43.3%的人口(31.6亿人)无法在1小时内步行到达医疗机构。

因此,这份地图凸显了偏远地区贫困人口所面临的额外脆弱性,有助于估计个人是否会在需要时寻求医疗服务,并为现在和未来向服务不足的人群有效分配有限的医疗和交通资源提供证据基础。

 

原始出处:

D. J. Weiss et al. Global maps of travel time to healthcare facilities. Nature Medicine (2020). 

 

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    2020-12-12 liye789132251
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    2021-01-21 475455347

    有意思

    0

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