Front Aging Neurosci:衰老、听力和耳鸣对皮层灰质、杏仁体和海马体的影响

2021-01-18 AlexYang MedSci原创

年龄相关的听力损失(老年性耳聋)是一种以听觉阈值升高和语言理解力下降为代表的自然过程,尤其是在嘈杂的环境中。耳鸣是一种幻听,可能导致大脑皮层的变化,其发生率最高的时候恰好是临床上老年期听力损失起始时。

年龄相关的听力损失(老年性耳聋)是一种以听觉阈值升高和语言理解力下降为代表的自然过程,尤其是在嘈杂的环境中。耳鸣是一种幻听,可能导致大脑皮层的变化,其发生率最高的时候恰好是临床上老年期听力损失起始时

最近,有研究人员确定了年龄、听力损失和耳鸣相关的听觉系统和相关结构变化。患有老年性耳聋和耳鸣的受试者(22名受试者)、仅有老年性耳聋的受试者(24名受试者)、听力正常的年轻耳鸣患者(10名受试者)和年轻的对照组(17名受试者)进行了听力学检查来确定听力损失和耳鸣的特征。研究结果表明,在所有的皮层结构中,灰质厚度随着年龄的增长而显著减少,而对侧向性没有影响(左右半球之间的差异)。与海马旁回(PH)和初级视皮层(V1)相比,颞横回(HG)、颞平面(PT)和前脑岛(Ins)的灰质厚度下降较快。老龄化并不影响皮层区域的表面,然而左、右半球报告区域的表面大小有差异。听力损失仅引起HG皮质表面的边缘性减少。耳鸣伴随着Ins表面的边缘性减少,并导致杏仁核(Amy)和海马体(HP)体积增加。

最后,研究人员指出,衰老伴随着皮层灰质厚度的减少;听力损失对所调查的皮层区域结构影响有限,且耳鸣引起的结构变化主要在边缘系统和脑岛,听觉系统的结构只受很小的影响

原始出处:

Oliver Profant , Antonín Škoch , Jaroslav Tintěra et al. The Influence of Aging, Hearing, and Tinnitus on the Morphology of Cortical Gray Matter, Amygdala, and Hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci. Dec 2020

 

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