Lancet Infect Dis:HIV相关结核分枝杆菌感染的临床特征

2020-03-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

研究发现,HIV阳性的危重结核病患者中,结核分枝杆菌感染十分常见,并导致患者30天内死亡风险增加,及时的抗结核治疗可有效降低患者不良预后风险。

HIV相关结核分枝杆菌感染(BSI)的临床和流行病学意义尚不完全清楚。

近日研究人员开展系统回顾研究,收集截至2018年11月的13岁或13岁以上艾滋病毒患者常规分枝杆菌血培养结果研究数据,纳入标准为13岁或13岁以上,HIV阳性,CD4细胞计数可用,分枝杆菌血培养结果有效并符合世卫组织对疑似肺结核的定义。研究的主要终点为结核分枝杆菌BSI患病率及死亡率。

总计收集了23个研究数据集(20个已发表,3个未公布),纳入研究的文献偏倚风险较低,总计包含5751名患者。因技术因素(血液培养数量,与血液采样相关的血液培养时间)以及患者因素(住院环境和CD4细胞计数),各研究之间的异质性显著。在医院住院的艾滋病毒相关结核病BSI患者中,存在WHO危险体征和CD4计数为每μL76个细胞症状的概率为45%。结核分枝杆菌BSI患者痰检诊断率为77%,结合尿LAM检测诊断率为89%。与非HIV相关结核病患者相比, BSI导致患者30天内死亡风险总计(调整后的危险比为2.48),但30天后风险逐渐正常化(1.25)。在倾向得分匹配的HIV相关肺结核患者队列(n=630)中,与及时治疗的患者相比,延迟抗结核治疗超过4天导致患者死亡率增加(比值比3.15)。

研究发现,HIV阳性的危重结核病患者中,结核分枝杆菌感染十分常见,并导致患者30天内死亡风险增加,及时的抗结核治疗可有效降低患者不良预后风险。

原始出处:

David A Barr et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis bloodstream infection prevalence, diagnosis, and mortality risk in seriously ill adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data.Lancet Infect Dis. March 13, 2020.

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    2021-01-22 howi
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