NATURE:ALS相关基因通过肠道菌群调节系统和神经炎症 

2020-05-14 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在肌萎缩性侧索硬化症或前颞叶痴呆的高发家族中,重复扩增的作用不完全一致,表明遗传或环境因素改变了每个人的疾病风险。

C9ORF72中的六核苷酸重复扩展是肌萎缩性侧索硬化症和前颞叶痴呆相关的最常见的遗传变异。C9ORF72的突变通过功能增益和功能损失的机制,诱导神经变性中牵连的细胞途径。

该扩增可以被转录成一个长的重复性RNA,在其被非经典途径翻译成神经毒性二肽蛋白之前,可以抑制RNA结合蛋白。RNA聚合酶识别突变的失败也降低了内源性C9ORF72基因产物的丰度。内源性C9ORF72在溶酶体通路中发挥功能,并抑制系统性和神经炎症。

值得注意的是,在肌萎缩性侧索硬化症或前颞叶痴呆的高发家族中,重复扩增的作用不完全一致,表明遗传或环境因素改变了每个人的疾病风险。

识别疾病相关因素具有很大的转化意义,因为它可以建议治疗策略,以减少肌萎缩性侧索硬化症或前颞叶痴呆的风险,或减缓进展。

最近,研究人员报告说,免疫刺激细菌丰度的减少可以保护C9orf72基因突变的小鼠,减少其过早的死亡,并显着改善其潜在的系统性炎症和自身免疫。

与C9orf72防止微生物群诱发病理性炎症反应的功能一致,研究人员发现,在突变体小鼠中,利用广谱抗生素减少微生物负担,或从保护性环境中移植肠道微生物群,可以缓解炎症表型。即使在其发病后,也是如此。

因此,该研究提供了进一步的证据,证明我们肠道的微生物组成在大脑健康中具有重要作用,并能以令人惊讶的方式与众所周知的神经系统疾病的遗传危险因素相互作用。

 

原始出处:

Aaron Burberry et al. C9orf72 suppresses systemic and neural inflammation induced by gut bacteria. NATURE (2020). 

 

 

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    2020-07-31 liye789132251
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